Improving biologic predictors of cycling endurance performance with near-infrared spectroscopy derived measures of skeletal muscle respiration: E pluribus unum.

The study aim was to compare the predictive validity of the often referenced traditional model of human endurance performance (i.e. oxygen consumption, VO , or power at maximal effort, fatigue threshold values, and indices of exercise efficiency) versus measures of skeletal muscle oxidative potential in relation to endurance cycling performance.

Ovulation induction in infertile women with endometriotic ovarian cysts: current evidence and potential pitfalls.

Endometriosis is a chronic benign gynecological disease with symptoms that can severely impact quality of life and well-being. Women affected by endometriotic ovarian cyst could have associated infertility problems. Infertility affects 30% to 50% of women with endometriosis.

Impaired Fetal Environment and Gestational Age: What Is Driving Mortality in Neonates With Critical Congenital Heart Disease?

Background Infants with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) are more likely to be small for gestational age (SGA) or born to mothers with maternal placental syndrome. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal placental syndrome, SGA, and gestational age (GA) on 1-year mortality in infants with CCHD. Methods and Results In a population-based administrative database of all live-born infants in California (2007-2012) we identified all infants with CCHD without chromosomal anomalies.

Dynamics of Reaction-Diffusion Oscillators in Star and other Networks with Cyclic Symmetries Exhibiting Multiple Clusters.

We experimentally and theoretically investigate the dynamics of inhibitory coupled self-driven oscillators on a star network in which a single central hub node is connected to k peripheral arm nodes. The system consists of water-in-oil Belousov-Zhabotinsky ∼100  μm emulsion drops contained in storage wells etched in silicon wafers. We observed three dynamical attractors by varying the number of arms in the star graph and the coupling strength: (i) unlocked, uncorrelated phase shifts between all oscillators; (ii) locked, arm hubs synchronized in phase with a k-dependent phase shift between the arm and central hub; and (iii) center silent, a central hub stopped oscillating and the arm hubs oscillated without synchrony.

Laboratory screening and diagnosis of open neural tube defects, 2019 revision: a technical standard of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).

Open neural tube defects (ONTDs) include open spina bifida (OSB) and anencephaly. These defects are caused by incomplete closure of the neural tube at about 4 weeks of pregnancy. Levels of early second-trimester maternal serum (ms) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are sufficiently elevated in affected pregnancies to be used as a population-based screening test.

A review on nanomaterial-based field effect transistor technology for biomarker detection.

Field effect transistor (FET) based sensors have attractive features such as small size, ease of mass production, high versatility and comparably low costs. Over the last decade, many FET type biosensors based on various nanomaterials (e.g.

The utility of nuchal translucency ultrasound in identifying rare chromosomal abnormalities not detectable by cell-free DNA screening.

Objective:: To evaluate the utility of nuchal translucency (NT) screening in the detection of rare chromosomal aneuploidies in the setting of cell-free DNA (cfDNA).

Methods:: A retrospective cohort study of pregnancies screened through the California Prenatal Screening Program between March 2009 and December 2012. Karyotype analysis was the primary method of chromosomal evaluation during the study period and abnormal chromosomal karyotype results were classified by whether the abnormality would be detectable by cfDNA (non-mosaic trisomy 13, 18, 21 or sex-chromosomal aneuploidy (SCA)).

Assessing the multidisciplinary team approaches to placenta accreta spectrum across five institutions within the University of California fetal Consortium (UCfC).

Purpose: To describe the multidisciplinary approaches to placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) across five tertiary care centers that comprise the University of California fetal Consortium (UCfC) and to identify potential best practices.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of all cases of pathologically confirmed invasive placenta delivered from 2009 to 2014 at UCfC. Differences in intraoperative management and outcomes based on prenatal suspicion were compared.

Comparison of two inhibitors of E-type prostanoid receptor four and carprofen in dogs with experimentally induced acute synovitis.

Objective: To investigate the ability of a proprietary antagonist of E-type prostanoid receptor (EP) 4, grapiprant, and carprofen to attenuate lameness attributable to urate-induced synovitis in dogs.

Animals: 5 purpose-bred hound-cross dogs.

Procedures: A blinded, 3-way crossover study was performed.

Effect of clinical pharmacist encounters in the transitional care clinic on 30-day re-admissions: A retrospective study.

Hospitalized patients who meet specific criteria at discharge are referred to the transitional care clinic team consisting of a nurse practitioner and/or physician and a clinical pharmacist. In collaboration with the providers, the pharmacist reviews medications for appropriateness, assesses adherence, recommends medication changes and provides education. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of an outpatient transitional care clinical pharmacist on 30-day re-admissions in an urban setting serving a population of low socioeconomic status.

Utilizing a Hospital-based Setting to Increase Organ Donor Registrations.

Background: Shortages of organs for transplantation are a concern for many countries. In Australia's "opt-in" system, people register their donation decision on the Australian Organ Donor Register (AODR) in their own time, yet <30% of the population have done so. Consent registrations are honored by the next-of-kin in 90% of cases, so increasing registrations will increase donated organs for transplantation.

Symptom progression in advanced Parkinson's disease: Dyadic perspectives.

This qualitative descriptive study investigated the self-reported symptoms of people with advanced Parkinson's disease. Fifteen dyads (person with Parkinson's and family caregiver) participated in two semi-structured interviews over a six-month time period; content analysis was used to explore the progression and new onset of symptoms. Reported symptoms in descending order included gait deterioration, falls, speech impairment, cognitive decline, functional decline, gastrointestinal and genitourinary changes, and swallowing impairment.

Experience with a "Feed and Swaddle" program in infants up to six months of age.

Background: Feed and swaddle is a technique in which an infant is fed and allowed to fall asleep to facilitate diagnostic imaging. This study reviews our experience and diagnostic success in premature and term infants up to 6 months old undergoing brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a feed and swaddle technique and with comparable patients imaged under anesthesia.

Methods: We reviewed the charts of all infants ≤6 months who underwent brain MRI at our institution between 1 January 2013 and 31 March 2016.

The role of parental citizenship status on depression of U.S. citizen children.

The purpose of this study was to determine how parental citizenship status played a role in the depression scores of Hispanic/Latinx children in the sample. Eight-hundred thirty-five participants from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS) were included in this study. The Center of Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depression scores among this sample of Hispanic/Latinx children.

Being well-governed: Including inspectors in a systems approach to fisheries management.

Based on 18-months of ethnographic fieldwork in South Africa's Western Cape province, we suggest ways in which marine resource law enforcement activities can be evaluated at the level of individual fisheries compliance inspectors, to gain a more accurate understanding of the state of marine resource law enforcement. We show that these individual assessments can be scaled up to speak about specific compliance stations, and further, that these local-level assessments can be scaled up to the regional and provincial levels, without losing sight of the needs and value of the individual inspector. This paper contributes to the broader conversation on compliance in marine resource governance, as well as opening a new avenue of discussion: how to incorporate inspector-focussed social indicators.

Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library.

Background: In an increasingly digital age, the role of the library is changing to better serve its community. The authors' library serves health care professionals who experience high levels of stress due to everyday demands of work or study, which can have negative impacts on physical and mental health. Our library is committed to serving the needs of our community by identifying opportunities to improve their well-being.

Tip of the Iceberg: Assessing the Global Socioeconomic Costs of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias and Strategic Implications for Stakeholders.

While it is generally understood that Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) is one of the costliest diseases to society, there is widespread concern that researchers and policymakers are not comprehensively capturing and describing the full scope and magnitude of the socioeconomic burden of ADRD. This review aimed to 1) catalogue the different types of AD-related socioeconomic costs described in the literature; 2) assess the challenges and gaps of existing approaches to measuring these costs; and 3) analyze and discuss the implications for stakeholders including policymakers, healthcare systems, associations, advocacy groups, clinicians, and researchers looking to improve the ability to generate reliable data that can guide evidence-based decision making. A centrally emergent theme from this review is that it is challenging to gauge the true value of policies, programs, or interventions in the ADRD arena given the long-term, progressive nature of the disease, its insidious socioeconomic impact beyond the patient and the formal healthcare system, and the complexities and current deficiencies (in measures and real-world data) in accurately calculating the full costs to society.

A system-based approach to the genetic etiologies of non-immune hydrops fetalis.

A wide spectrum of genetic causes may lead to nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), and a thorough phenotypic and genetic evaluation are essential to determine the underlying etiology, optimally manage these pregnancies, and inform discussions about anticipated prognosis. In this review, we outline the known genetic etiologies of NIHF by fetal organ system affected, and provide a systematic approach to the evaluation of NIHF. Some of the underlying genetic disorders are associated with characteristic phenotypic features that may be seen on prenatal ultrasound, such as hepatomegaly with lysosomal storage disorders, hyperechoic kidneys with congenital nephrosis, or pulmonary valve stenosis with RASopathies.

Effect of Trial of Labor before Cesarean and Risk of Subsequent Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: This study aimed to examine whether labor before cesarean affects the risk of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders in a subsequent pregnancy.

Study Design: This is a secondary analysis of the Cesarean Registry, a prospective cohort study of women undergoing cesarean between 1999 and 2002. Women with one prior cesarean with known indications, which were categorized as likely associated with labor (labored cesarean) versus likely not associated with labor (unlabored cesarean), were included.

Microtargeting for conservation.

Widespread human action and behavior change is needed to achieve many conservation goals. Doing so at the requisite scale and pace will require the efficient delivery of outreach campaigns. Conservation gains will be greatest when efforts are directed toward places of high conservation value (or need) and tailored to critical actors.

Cost-effectiveness of Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy vs No Therapy in Women at Risk of Late Preterm Delivery: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Administration of corticosteroids to women at high risk for delivery in the late preterm period (34-36 weeks' gestation) improves short-term neonatal outcomes. The cost implications of this intervention are not known.

Objective: To compare the cost-effectiveness of treatment with antenatal corticosteroids with no treatment for women at risk for late preterm delivery.