Use of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Adipose Tissue for Detection of Bioaccumulation of Pyriproxyfen in Adults of Lithobates catesbeianus.

The aims of the study were: (i) evaluate the efficacy of using amphibian adipose tissue as a valid biomarker of water contaminated by pyriproxyfen; and (ii) verify the use of Lithobates catesbeianus in laboratory experiments as a potential bioindicator for bioaccumulation of pesticide in adipose tissue from amphibians. Adult frogs were exposed to different dilutions (0.002 g/L and 0.

Low concentration of 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) represents a risk to South American silver catfish Ramdia quelen (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) population.

The 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) is an environmental persistent pollutant widely used as flame retardant, antimicrobial and insecticide agent in wood preservation and plastic production. Currently, TBP is found in environmental compartments such as soil, freshwater, groundwater, sewage sludge and domestic dust, but the effects to biota and the risk of exposure to aquatic vertebrates are still scarce. In the present study, Rhamdia quelen fish embryos (8 h post-fertilization - hpf) were exposed to 0.

Phytotoxicity reduction of the mercury chloride effect by natural products from Eugenia jambolana Lam.: A new strategy against the toxic metal pollution.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant, metal chelating and cytoprotective activity of the Eugenia jambolana Lam. extract, as well as of its flavonoid and tannic fractions, against the action of Mercury Chloride (HgCl). Flavonoids were quantified and an LC-MS chromatographic analysis was performed to identify secondary metabolites.

Psidium guajava bioactive product chemical analysis and heavy metal toxicity reduction.

The present study had as its objective to verify the Psidium guajava var. Pomifera L. chelating, antioxidant and cytoprotective effects against mercury and aluminum.

Microcystin and pyriproxyfen are toxic to early stages of development in Rhamdia quelen: An experimental and modelling study.

The recent increase of freshwater eutrophication has favored cyanobacteria blooms and consequently the increase of toxins such as microcystin-LR in aquatic environments, but few is know about the associated effect of toxin and other compounds. Pyriproxyfen is an insecticide indicated by WHO (World Health Organization) to control Aedes aegypti mosquito (vector of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika diseases), however, the effects are not well described to non-target species, such as fish. The early life stages (ELS) of fish are more sensitive to chemical stress due to higher metabolic rate, immature immune system and high superficial area/volume ratio.

LC-MS analysis and cytoprotective effect against the mercurium and aluminium toxicity by bioactive products of Psidium brownianum Mart. ex DC.

This study aimed to verify the chelating, antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of Psidium brownianum Mart. Ex DC against mercury and aluminum. The ethanolic extract, as well as the tannic and flavonoid fractions, were prepared and subjected to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.

Antioxidant and mercury chelating activity of Psidium guajava var. pomifera L. leaves hydroalcoholic extract.

Mercury (Hg) is widely distributed in the environment and is known to produce several adverse effects in organisms. The aim of the present study was to examine the in vitro antioxidant activity and Hg chelating ability of the hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava leaves (HEPG). In addition, the potential protective effects of HEPG against Hg(II) were evaluated using a yeast model (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).

Epoxy resin as a new alternative sorbent phase for stir bar sorptive extraction for the determination of triclosan and methyl-triclosan.

The main objective of this study is to propose a new sorbent phase based on a commercial epoxy resin, for use as an alternative sorbent in the stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) technique. The analytes triclosan (TCS) and methyl-triclosan (MTCS) were selected in order to demonstrate the application of the bars, using some water samples as matrices. The extraction conditions of sample volume, stirring time, pH, temperature and ionic strength were evaluated, and for the back extraction, the bars were sonicated using 1.

Rhaphiodon echinus (Nees & Mart.) Schauer: Chemical, toxicological activity and increased antibiotic activity of antifungal drug activity and antibacterial.

The association of herbal products with standard antimicrobial drugs has recently gained more attention as a hope to overcome infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Here, we investigated for the first time the antimicrobial (antifungal and antibacterial) activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of R. echinus against multiresistant strains of bacteria (E.

Antimicrobial Activity and Modulatory Effect of Essential Oil from the Leaf of Rhaphiodon echinus (Nees & Mart) Schauer on Some Antimicrobial Drugs.

Background: Rhaphiodon echinus is a weed plant used in the Brazilian folk medicinal for the treatment of infectious diseases. In this study, the essential oil of R. echinus leaf was investigated for its antimicrobial properties.

Psidium guajava L. and Psidium brownianum Mart ex DC.: Chemical composition and anti - Candida effect in association with fluconazole.

The therapeutic combinations have been increasingly used against fungal resistance. Natural products have been evaluated in combination with pharmaceutical drugs in the search for new components able to work together in order to neutralize the multiple resistance mechanisms found in yeasts from the genus Candida. The aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts from Psidium brownianum Mart ex DC.

Chemical Characterization and Trypanocidal, Leishmanicidal and Cytotoxicity Potential of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) Essential Oil.

Drug resistance in the treatment of neglected parasitic diseases, such as leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis, has led to the search and development of alternative drugs from plant origins. In this context, the essential oil extracted by hydro-distillation from Lantana camara leaves was tested against Leishmania braziliensis and Trypanosoma cruzi. The results demonstrated that L.

Phytocompounds and modulatory effects of Anacardium microcarpum (cajui) on antibiotic drugs used in clinical infections.

Background: The challenge of antibiotic resistance and the emergence of new infections have generated considerable interest in the exploration of natural products from plant origins as combination therapy. In this context, crude ethanolic extract (CEE), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and methanolic fraction (MF) from Anacardium microcarpum were tested alone or in combination with antibiotics (amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem) against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods: Antibiotic resistance-modifying activity was performed using the microdilution method by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC).

Fumigant activity of the Psidium guajava var. pomifera (Myrtaceae) essential oil in Drosophila melanogaster by means of oxidative stress.

The guava fruit, Psidium guajava var. pomifera (Myrtaceae family), is a native plant from South America. Its leaves and fruits are widely used in popular medicine in tropical and subtropical countries.

Chemical composition and evaluation of modulatory of the antibiotic activity from extract and essential oil of Myracrodruon urundeuva.

Context: The combination of antibiotics with natural products has demonstrated promising synergistic effects in several therapeutic studies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of an ethanol extract of Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.

Distribution and origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from an urban river basin at the Metropolitan region of Curitiba, Brazil.

The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in surface sediment samples from nine sites located at the Iguaçu River Basin in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, Brazil to evaluate their distribution and sources. The total concentration of the PAHs was greater for sediments from highly urbanized areas, while the sediments from the Iraí Environmental Protection Area (Iraí EPA) showed significantly low concentrations. The sediments from the Iguaçu and Barigui rivers were classified as highly contaminated, while those from the Cercado and Curralinho rivers were classified as moderately contaminated.

Multifactorial optimization approach for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in river sediments by gas chromatography-quadrupole ion trap selected ion storage mass spectrometry.

A procedure for the determination of very low polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in sediment samples has been developed by gas chromatography-quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-QIT MS) after extraction with dichloromethane and purification by using silica gel cleanup. Identification and quantification of analytes were based on the selected ion storage (SIS) strategy using deuterated PAHs as internal standards. In order to search out the main factors affecting the SIS mass spectrometry efficiency, four MS parameters, including target total ion count (TTIC), waveform amplitude (WA), transfer line (XLT) and ion trap temperatures (ITT) were subjected to a complete multifactorial design.

Exotic flora dependence of an unusual Brazilian propolis: the pinocembrin biomarker by capillary techniques.

Significant amounts of pinocembrin (>10%), a dihydroxy-flavanone, was found in the composition of an unusual brand of a subtropical Brazilian propolis. Incidentally, this sealing material was obtained from hives surrounding a large forestry site based on a single exotic flora, namely poplar (Populus sp.).