A transport system for coenzyme A in isolated rat heart mitochondria.

The ability of isolated rat heart mitochondria to take up coenzyme A (CoA) from the incubation medium was studied. Mitochondria accumulated CoA in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The accumulation process occurred in two phases.

Stimulation of myocardial coenzyme A degradation by fatty acids.

Coenzyme A (CoA) levels were increased in isolated hearts from 537 +/- 14 to 818 +/- 44 nmol/g dry wt by perfusion for 45 min under conditions known to stimulate CoA synthesis (5). Subsequently, perfusion of these hearts with buffer containing glucose (11 mM) and pyruvate (5 mM) for 3 min had no effect on CoA levels (789 +/- 42 nmol/g dry wt). However, perfusion with a buffer containing glucose (11 mM) and palmitate (1.

On obtaining episodic priming in a lexical decision task following paired-associate learning.

In four experiments, subjects made lexical (word-nonword) decisions to target letter strings after studying paired associates. In this lexical decision test, word targets previously studied as response terms in the paired associates were preceded at a 150-ms and/or 950-ms stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) by one of various subsets of the following six types of primes: a neutral (XXX or ready) prime, a semantically unrelated word prime episodically related to the target through its having been previously studied in the same pair, a semantically related word prime previously studied in a pair with some other unrelated word, a semantically unrelated word prime previously studied in a pair with some other unrelated word, a nonstudied semantically related word prime, and a nonstudied semantically unrelated word prime. At the 950-ms SOA, facilitation of lexical decisions produced by the episodically related primes was greater in test lists in which there were no 150-ms SOA trials intermixed, no previously studied semantically related primes, and no studied nonword targets.

Coenzyme A degradation in the heart: effects of diabetes and insulin.

Coenzyme A (CoA) degradation was studied in isolated working hearts from acutely diabetic rats (48 h). Hearts from diabetic rats had elevated levels of total CoA (752 +/- 15 nmol/g dry) compared to control (537 +/- 14 nmol/g dry). When hearts from diabetic animals were perfused for 5 mins with perfusate containing pyruvate, (5 mM) and glucose (11 mM) CoA levels remained unchanged.

Histologic findings in two very small intracanalicular solitary schwannomas of the eighth nerve.

Two very small intracanalicular tumors, resected en bloc with the complete eighth nerve, were serially sectioned in order to study the relationship between the tumors and the nerves of origin. Both cases met the size criteria for hearing conservation surgery; however, the patient with the smaller tumor and the better hearing had no recognizable cochlear nerve fibers passing the tumor. The cochlear nerve in the patient with poorer hearing was completely free of tumor.

Complete tumor ablation with iodine 131-radiolabeled disialoganglioside GD2-specific monoclonal antibody against human neuroblastoma xenografted in nude mice.

The antibody 3F8, an IgG3 murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against disialoganglioside GD2, could target iodine-131 (131I) to established subcutaneous human neuroblastoma (NB) xenografts in BALB/c nude mice. 131I-radiolabeled MoAb (0.125-1 mCi) was injected iv.

Metabolic rates in normal and infarcted myocardium.

The effects of myocardial infarction in rat hearts on the utilization of fatty acids and glucose by the surviving, non-infarcted tissue were studied. Hearts were removed from the animals one-week post-infarcted and perfused in the isolated working heart preparation. Oxygen consumption and oxidation of palmitate and glucose were determined at two levels of cardiac work.

Limitation of myocardial infarct size by metabolic interventions that reduce accumulation of fatty acid metabolites in ischemic myocardium.

The effects on myocardial damage of metabolic interventions by nicotinic acid, oxfenicine, or a combination of the two were assessed in open-chest dogs exposed to coronary artery occlusion for 6 hours. The accumulation of metabolites of free fatty acids (FFAs) was studied in tissue samples of the left ventricle taken 60 minutes after coronary occlusion in separate animals. The percentage of the hypoperfused zone that evolved to infarction was 96 +/- 3% (mean +/- SEM) in control dogs, 74 +/- 4% in dogs treated with nicotinic acid (p less than 0.

Fatty acid metabolism in hearts containing elevated levels of CoA.

Palmitate metabolism was determined in isolated perfused hearts containing elevated levels of coenzyme A (CoA). CoA levels were elevated by perfusing hearts with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing 0.1 mM cysteine, 0.

The properties and regulation of pantothenate kinase from rat heart.

Pantothenate kinase (ATP:D-pantothenate 4'-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.

Hearing conservation surgery for acoustic tumors--a clinical-pathologic correlative study.

It has been estimated that hearing conservation is possible in 50% of patients with tumors extending medial to the porus acusticus 1.5 cm or less and who maintain speech discrimination scores of 80% or greater. Others have indicated that a hearing level of 30 dB or less and 80% discrimination are ideal candidates for hearing preservation surgery.

Diagnosis and treatment of iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid leak and brain herniation during or following mastoidectomy.

Iatrogenic brain herniation, with meninges (meningoencephalocele) or without meninges (encephalocele), following mastoidectomy is rare. However, the seriousness of the complication and the potential for its prevention necessitate periodic review and emphasis. In this study, 6 patients with small iatrogenic dural injury during mastoidectomy, 1 patient with postoperative large encephalocele, and 2 patients with three spontaneous meningoencephaloceles are reviewed.

Regulation of pantothenate kinase from various tissues of the rat.

The relative tissue activities of pantothenate kinase range from 1 to 5 nmol . min-1 . g-1 wet wt for heart, brain, kidney, and liver.

Classification of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid middle ear effusion: review of forty-nine cases.

This article presents a classification system of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid middle ear effusion to facilitate early diagnosis and lesion localization for surgical correction. Thirty-eight articles containing case histories of 45 patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid middle ear effusion reported in the English literature from 1913 to 1983 were reviewed. Four additional personal cases, representing the largest single series, are described in detail.

Recovery of ventricular function in reperfused ischemic rat hearts exposed to fatty acids.

The relationship between tissue levels of fatty acid metabolites in ischemic and reperfused hearts and recovery of mechanical function of these hearts on reperfusion was studied. Isolated rat hearts were exposed to global ischemia for periods up to 60 min under various conditions of coronary flow, O2 supply, and fatty acid concentrations and were then reperfused for either 15 or 30 min under aerobic conditions both with and without fatty acids present. Tissue levels of ATP, creatine phosphate, long-chain acyl CoA, and long-chain acyl carnitine were determined at the end of the ischemic and reperfusion periods.

Chronic infarction decreases maximum cardiac work and sensitivity of heart to extracellular calcium.

Rat hearts were infarcted in vivo by ligation of the left ventricular coronary artery to cause an initial 40% loss of viable tissue by weight. Due to compensatory hypertrophy of the surviving myocardium and progression of the infarct to scar tissue, the infarct represented approximately 25% by weight of the whole heart after 1 wk. After 1 or 3 wk, these infarcted hearts were removed and perfused in vitro by the working hearts technique.

Inhibition of carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase activity and fatty acid oxidation by lactate and oxfenicine in cardiac muscle.

High concentrations of lactate and oxfenicine inhibit fatty acid oxidation in cardiac muscle. The site of this inhibition was investigated in isolated perfused rat hearts. In hearts perfused with glucose (11 mM) and [U-14 C]palmitate (1.

Monoclonal antibodies to a glycolipid antigen on human neuroblastoma cells.

Using a somatic cell hybridization technique, four murine monoclonal antibodies (three immunoglobulin M and one immunoglobulin G3) were produced against a human neuroblastoma cell surface glycolipid antigen. They reacted strongly with all human neuroblastoma tumor-containing specimens and six of eight human neuroblastoma cell lines. More than 98% of each neuroblastoma cell population possessed this surface antigen, and in the presence of complement, 100% of them were killed.