Central nervous system involvement in Leber congenital amaurosis.

Sixteen patients with ocular criteria of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) were studied. Neurological examination was normal in 11 of 16 patients. The electroencephalogram was normal in six of eight patients, while two had nonspecific theta slowing.

Low-vision aids in Stargardt's disease.

Fifteen patients with juvenile macular degeneration fitted with low-vision aids were followed up for a period of two to three years. About 80% of the patients equipped with visual aids used their devices successfully. It appears that in Stargardt's disease, low-vision aids are more useful than in other maculopathies.

Zinc and copper metabolism in oculocutaneous albinism in the Caucasian.

Abnormalities in the zinc and copper metabolism have been described in some pigmentary retinopathies. In these eye disorders changes in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium are a common finding. Albinism is a manifestation of a metabolic disorder with abnormalities of pigment formation which also occurs in this mentioned retinal layer.

Bilateral morning glory syndrome with midline brain lesion in an autistic child.

A ten-year-old autistic boy with high myopia and very poor vision presented a bilateral anomaly of the disc, diagnosed as morning glory syndrome. Further investigation showed an absence of the corpus callosum and probably herniation of an encephalocele into the third ventricle. The association of bilateral morning glory syndrome and very low visual acuity in both eyes with a midline brain lesion and autism has not been previously described.

Cortical blindness in infancy: a follow-up study.

Clinical data of 6 cases of cortical blindness in infancy were analyzed. The underlying brain damage was a result of hypoxic events occurring in the pre- or perinatal period, or shortly after birth. The long-term follow-up of the children showed that some visual recovery occurred but capacity of recognition remained impaired.

Penalization treatment of amblyopia: a follow-up study of two years in older children.

Penalization therapy for strabismic amblyopia is indicated in the group over six years of age. Good visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved and maintained at least for two years in 74% of the 38 cases reported. Deep amblyopia of 6/60 or less is no contraindication to treatment, success being achieved in 50% of this group.

Refractive power of premature children at infancy and early childhood.

We evaluated the refraction of 198 children born prematurely with birth-weights of 2,000 g or less, without any ocular disease. Between the ages of 6 months to 3 1/2 years these children had a mild hypermetropia. The refractive error did not change between the ages of 6 months and 3 1/2 years.

Transposition of vertical recti for residual tropias.

Transposition of vertical muscles for residual tropia was performed: nasal displacement for exotropia and temporal displacement for esotropia. Five millimeter equal displacement of superior and inferior recti corrected 10 to 14 prism diopter while equal displacement of 7 to 8 mm resulted in correction of 25 prism diopter. Special indications of this procedure may be: (1) residual tropia in cases with severe intractable ambylopia or pathology in one eye where patient and surgeon may be reluctant to operate on the sound eye, or (2) residual tropias of the alternating type in patients who underwent operations in all horizontal muscles of both eyes.