Immunization against Medically Important Human Coronaviruses of Public Health Concern.

SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that affects the human immune system. It was observed to be on the rise since the beginning of 2020 and turned into a life-threatening pandemic. Scientists have tried to develop a possible preventive and therapeutic drug against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other related coronaviruses by assessing COVID-19-recovered persons' immunity.

Nosocomial Infection and Antibiotic-Resistant Threat in the Middle East.

The prevalence of nosocomial infections (NIs) is associated with different bacteria found in hospitals. These infections in their extreme conditions result in morbidity and mortality. This study aims to provide a detailed review of literary studies to identify the prevalence of nosocomial infections and antibiotic-resistance specifically in Middle Eastern countries.

A review on emerging and re-emerging of infectious diseases in Jordan the aftermath of the Syrian crises.

The review aims to examine the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases in Jordan, in parallel with the Syrian refugee crisis. Qualitative approach has been adopted for systematically examining the outcomes of Syrian Crisis, which resulted with emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. It has adhered that infectious diseases; including measles, tuberculosis, and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, have hazardous effects on Syrian refugees along with alarming threats to local population in Jordan.

Evaluating Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns of Pseudomonas in Relation to Specimen Type in Jordanian Hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity patterns of different antibiotics of pseudomonas in relation to specimen types.

Methods: The quantitative retrospective study was conducted at Princess Iman Research and Laboratory Sciences Centre of Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan. The specimens of USS, urine, cerebral spinal fluid, and blood were collected from patients, who visited the hospital from January to September 2015.

A Review on Emerging and Reemerging of Infectious Diseases in Jordan: The Aftermath of the Syrian Crises.

The review aims to examine the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases in Jordan, in parallel with the Syrian refugee crisis. Qualitative approach has been adopted for systematically examining the outcomes of the Syrian crisis, which resulted in emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. It has adhered that infectious diseases, including measles, tuberculosis, and cutaneous leishmaniasis, have hazardous effects on Syrian refugees along with the local population in Jordan.

Relationship of serum leptin with some biochemical, anthropometric parameters and abdominal fat volumes as measured by magnetic resonance imaging.

Aims: To measure the level of leptin in volunteers and correlate it with several anthropometric, biochemical variables and abdominal fat volumes.

Methods: The level of leptin was investigated in 167 disease-free volunteers. Serum levels of IL-6, adiponectin, and resistin, blood lipid profile (cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) were determined.

Accuracy of the VITEK® 2 system for a rapid and direct identification and susceptibility testing of Gramnegative rods and Gram-positive cocci in blood samples.

The performance of the VITEK® 2 system for direct rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the bacteria responsible for blood infections was determined. The isolates studied included 166 Gram-negative rods and 74 Gram-positive cocci from inpatients. Specially treated monomicrobial samples from positive blood culture bottles were directly inoculated into the VITEK 2 system and the results were compared with those from cards inoculated with standardized bacterial suspensions.

Ischemia modified albumin: an oxidative stress marker in β-thalassemia major.

Background: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is an altered type of serum albumin that forms under conditions of oxidative stress. This study reports on the levels and clinical significance of IMA in patients with β-thalassemia major.

Methods: Blood specimens were collected from 166 subjects (101 β-thalassemia major patients and 65 healthy controls).

Association of haptoglobin phenotypes with ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity in β-thalassemia major.

Background: Haptoglobin (Hp) and ceruloplasmin (CP) are 2 plasma antioxidants playing a role in preventing iron-induced oxidative damage. This study presents data related to Hp phenotypes and ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity in relation to iron store markers in patients with β-thalassemia major.

Methods: Blood specimens were collected from 196 subjects (124 β-thalassemia major patients and 72 healthy controls).

[Relation between plasma membrane redox activity and extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity in marine phytoplankton].

Exofacial ferricyanide reduction at the plasma membrane of intact cells, and the link between plasma membrane redox activity, inorganic carbon status of the cells and extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CAext) activity were assayed using 10 marine phytoplankton species. In species Chaetocceros compressus, Cocolithus pelagicus and Gephyrocapsa ocetanica with no extracellular CA activity under carbon-limited or carbon-replete conditions, barely detectable ferricyanide reduction was observed. Species Skeletonema costatum, Melosira sp.

Extracellular carbonic anhydrase facilitates carbon dioxide availability for photosynthesis in the marine dinoflagellate prorocentrum micans.

This study investigated inorganic carbon accumulation in relation to photosynthesis in the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum micans. Measurement of the internal inorganic carbon pool showed a 10-fold accumulation in relation to external dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Dextran-bound sulfonamide (DBS), which inhibited extracellular carbonic anhydrase, caused more than 95% inhibition of DIC accumulation and photosynthesis.

Carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanism and the development of extracellular carbonic anhydrase in the marine picoeukaryote Micromonas pusilla.

A range of marine photosynthetic picoeukaryote phytoplankton species grown in culture were screened for the presence of extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA ), a key enzyme in inorganic carbon acquisition under carbon- limiting conditions in some larger marine phytoplankton species. Of the species tested, extracellular carbonic anhydrase was detected only in Micromonas pusilla Butcher. The rapid, light-dependent development of CA when cells were transferred from carbon-replete to carbon-limiting conditions was regulated by the available free- CO concentration and not by total dissolved inorganic carbon.

Ethanolic dehydration and its effect on membrane-bound enzymes of Chlorogloeopsis fritschii and Chlorella pyrenoidosa.

Ethanolic dehydration (20% to 70%) of the thylakoid membranes of Chlorogloeopsis fritschii resulted in an 8% to 58% loss of glutamine synthetase activity. In Chlorella pyrenoidosa, hydroxypyruvate reductase and fumarase, marker enzymes of the peroxisomes and mitochondria, respectively, diffused from the organelles on dehydration.

The presence of glycollate oxidase and dehydrogenase in Dunaliella primolecta.

Homogenates of Dunaliella primolecta, D. salina and D. tertiolecta were assayed for glycollate oxidase and glycollate dehydrogenase.

The intracellular localization of glycolate oxidoreductase in Escherichia coli.

Distribution of glycolate oxidoreductase in cell-free extracts of E. coli grown in mineral medium containing sodium glycolate has been studied. The enzyme was found to be largely associated with the cytoplasmic membranes.

Localization of glycollate dehydrogenase in Dunaliella salina.

Glycollate dehydrogenase of the halotolerant green alga Dunaliella salina, isolated from a brine pond, was found associated with the membrane fraction which exhibited complete photosynthetic activity. Highest enzyme activity was found in cells grown in the presence of 5% NaCl. Any increase in NaCl concentration led to a decrease in specific enzyme activity.