A triangulation model for assessment of change in classroom behavior of medical teachers participating in faculty development program on lecturing skills.

Background & Aims: We utilized a triangulation method of a faculty development program's (FDP) evaluation comprising short-course workshops on classroom behaviors and lecturing skills of basic sciences faculty in a medical school.

Methods & Results: This study utilized data from the pre and post evaluation of classroom lectures by an expert observer. Course participants were observed before the inception of a 4-month FDP and after 6-months of program completion.

Is There a "Blind Spot" in Point-of-Care Testing for Residual Heparin After Cardiopulmonary Bypass? A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study.

Identifying the cause of a bleeding complication after cardiac surgery can be crucial. This study sought to clarify whether the application of unprocessed autologous pump blood influences anti-factor Xa activity after cardiac surgery and evaluated 2 point-of-care methods regarding their ability to identify an elevated anti-factor Xa activity at different timepoints after cardiopulmonary bypass. Anti-factor Xa activity, heparin/protamine titration and the clotting time ratio of thromboelastometry in the INTEM and HEPTEM were measured at baseline (T1), after the application of protamine (T2) and after the complete application of autologous pump blood (T3).

Cancer illustrations and warning labels on cigarette packs: perceptions of teenagers from high socioeconomic status in Lahore.

Smoking is linked with adverse health outcomes and multi-organ diseases with six million deaths every year. The smoking population includes both genders and the habit is seen in minors as well. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore among teenagers belonging to high socioeconomic class.

Developing counseling skills through pre-recorded videos and role play: a pre- and post-intervention study in a Pakistani medical school.

Background: Interactive methods like role play, recorded video scenarios and objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) are being regularly used to teach and assess communication skills of medical students in the western world. In developing countries however, they are still in the preliminary phases of execution in most institutes. Our study was conducted in a naïve under resourced setup to assess the impact of such teaching methodologies on the counseling skills of medical students.

Tracking down immune markers from alternative system pathway factors in a diabetic population.

Hyperglycemia associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) alters the host immune system, resulting in a predisposition to infectious diseases. The high risk of infection in the diabetic population may lead to life-threatening situations. The early proteins of the alternative complement system pathway, constituting factors P, B, and D, have been shown to play an important role in preventing infection because they form a membrane attack complex (MAC)-C5-9, which debilitates the target microbes and/or molecules via cytotoxic and cytolytic reactions.