The association between a low-carbohydrate diet score and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in women: A case-control study.

Objectives: Because evidence linking carbohydrate consumption to diabetic nephropathy (DN) is scarce, and the association between a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and DN has not been investigated, we sought to investigate whether a higher LCD score is associated with DN among women.

Methods: In a case-control study, 105 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and DN and 105 controls with type 2 diabetes mellitus and without DN who attended Kowsar Diabetes Clinic in Semnan, Iran, were matched for age and diabetes duration. The data related to anthropometric and biochemical measures were collected and a food frequency questionnaire with 147 items was used to assess dietary intake.

[Saturated fatty acids and cardiovascular risk : Is a revision of the recommendations on nutrition indicated?].

The "fat hypothesis of coronary heart disease", according to which saturated fatty acids (SFA) increase the concentration of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and consequently increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases, influenced the nutritional recommendations over the last 60 years, initially in the USA and later also in Europe. Over the years there accumulated a growing body of evidence from epidemiology and controlled clinical studies that the consumption of SFA per se was not associated with an increased cardiovascular risk and the limitation of consumption of SFA did not show a preventive effect. The focus on the SFA content negated the biologically heterogeneous and sometimes biologically favorable effects of various SFAs.

Beyond Body Weight-Loss: Dietary Strategies Targeting Intrahepatic Fat in NAFLD.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent liver disease in industrialized countries. It is regarded as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) resulting from insulin resistance. Moreover, insulin resistance impairs glycogen synthesis, postprandially diverting a substantial amount of carbohydrates to the liver and storing them there as fat.