Examining the effects of soil entrainment during nuclear cloud rise on fallout predictions using a multiscale atmospheric modeling framework.

Current operational models for nuclear cloud rise over land were developed and validated using observations from shallow-buried or surface detonations, where lofted soil quickly mixed with fission products from the detonation. These models poorly predict fallout from elevated detonations near the fallout-free height of burst (FFHOB), where interactions with the ground are limited and the mixing of fission products and lofted soil is incomplete. Fallout-free is a misnomer at this HOB, as fallout was observed in these cases, but was below the levels of concern, especially off-grounds of the nuclear test site.

Direct Writing of a Titania Foam in Microgravity for Photocatalytic Applications.

This work explores the potential for additive manufacturing to be used to fabricate ultraviolet light-blocking or photocatalytic materials with in situ resource utilization, using a titania foam as a model system. Direct foam writing was used to deposit titania-based foam lines in microgravity using parabolic flight. The wet foam was based on titania primary particles and a titania precursor (Ti (IV) bis(ammonium lactato) dihydroxide).