Novel pre-copulatory behavior in basking sharks observed by drone.

Basking sharks (Cetorhinus maximus) seasonally aggregate in coastal surface waters of the North Atlantic, providing opportunities for visual observation. While putative courtship displays have been observed, actual copulation has not been documented. Here we examine video collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle ("drone") of novel behavioral interactions between basking sharks in Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts in May 2021.

IMPROVING ACCESS TO CARE AND CONSENT FOR TRANSGENDER AND GENDER DIVERSE YOUTH IN THE UNITED STATES.

Gender-affirming care (GAC) aims to benefit transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth. GAC includes access to mental health, medical care, and surgical interventions. However, access to GAC and the youth's ability to consent to GAC is frequently contested.

Spectrum, Procedural Feasibility, and the Value of a Surgeon's Opinion in Varying Gender-Affirming Surgeries.

The understanding of gender has expanded contributing to gaps in gender-affirming care. Traditional gender-affirming surgeries focus on binary results, diminishing room for affirmation of other identities. Surgeons are faced with the challenge of deciding whether a variation of gender-affirming surgery can be safely performed per request.

Trends of Medicare Reimbursement Rates for Lower Extremity Procedures.

Background:  Data collected across many surgical specialties suggest that Medicare reimbursement for physicians consistently lags inflation. Studies are needed that describe reimbursement rates for lower extremity procedures. Our goal is to analyze the trends in Medicare reimbursement rates from 2010 to 2021 for both lower extremity amputation and salvage surgeries.

Tracheostomy, the Not So Definitive Airway?: Tracheostomy Morbidity in Pediatric Craniofacial Patients.

Background: Tracheostomy is the definitive treatment for airway management in severe cases of craniofacial-associated upper airway obstruction, like the Pierre-Robin sequence, but is associated with significant morbidity. The purpose of this study was to examine tracheostomy-associated morbidities and mortalities in craniofacial patients to identify opportunities to improve clinical care and patient prognosis.

Methods: The study was a retrospective review of pediatric craniofacial patients who were tracheostomized between 2016 and 2022.