Human mobility networks reveal increased segregation in large cities.

A long-standing expectation is that large, dense and cosmopolitan areas support socioeconomic mixing and exposure among diverse individuals. Assessing this hypothesis has been difficult because previous measures of socioeconomic mixing have relied on static residential housing data rather than real-life exposures among people at work, in places of leisure and in home neighbourhoods. Here we develop a measure of exposure segregation that captures the socioeconomic diversity of these everyday encounters.

Introduction to .

Since the initial publication of in 2008, the prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has continued to be a national priority. Progress in healthcare epidemiology, infection prevention, antimicrobial stewardship, and implementation science research has led to improvements in our understanding of effective strategies for HAI prevention. Despite these advances, HAIs continue to affect ∼1 of every 31 hospitalized patients, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and excess healthcare expenditures, and persistent gaps remain between what is recommended and what is practiced.

Unravelling structures of radicals of kynurenic acid formed in the photoinduced reactions with tryptophan and -acetyl tyrosine.

Kynurenic acid (KNA) in the triplet state reacts with tryptophan (Trp) at neutral pH proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), which includes the stepwise transition of both electron and proton from Trp to triplet KNA. In the case of tyrosine (Tyr), the quenching reaction is H-transfer, a simultaneous transfer of electron and proton. In this work, we used the time-resolved chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (TR CIDNP) method to unveil the sites of H/H transfer within KNA.

Mapping C hyperfine couplings and exchange interactions in short-lived charge separated states of rigid donor-bridge-acceptor dyads.

A detailed experimental study on reversible photo-induced intramolecular charge separation is presented based on nuclear magnetic resonance detection of chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization. From variation of such polarization with the external magnetic field, the coupling constants of isotropic and anisotropic hyperfine interactions at individual C sites are measured in the short-lived charge separated state of dyad molecules composed of donor-bridge-acceptor parts. The objects of study were rigid donor-bridge-acceptor dyads, consisting of triarylamine as a donor, naphthalene diimide as an acceptor, and a meta-conjugated diethynylbenzene fragment as a bridge.