Disturbed host defense in peritoneal cavity during CAPD: characterization of responsible factors in dwell fluid.

In this study, the factors in overnight dwell fluid (8 to 10 hr dwell) depressing granulocyte (GC) NAD(P)H-oxidase dependent radical species production are characterized. At present, most studies have essentially focused on fresh, unspent dialysate and on peritoneal macrophages. The response to Staphylococcus aureus (Staph A) was dose-dependently depressed for both GC CO2 production (from 91.

Mechanisms of uremic inhibition of phagocyte reactive species production: characterization of the role of p-cresol.

It is generally recognized that the uremic syndrome results in a depression of immune function, but the uremic solutes responsible remain largely unidentified. In this study, the effect of 18 known uremic retention solutes, including urea and creatinine, on hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS)-dependent glucose-1-C14 utilization (G1C-U), chemiluminescence production (CL-P) and flow cytometric parameters (FCP) of respiratory burst and phagocytosis were evaluated in granulocytes and/or monocytes. Among the compounds studied, only p-cresol depressed whole blood respiratory burst reactivity (G1C-U, CL-P) dose dependently at concentrations currently encountered in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (P < 0.

Uraemic toxic retention solutes depress polymorphonuclear response to phagocytosis.

Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that the activity of the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) pathway in phagocytosis-related respiratory burst is disturbed in end-stage renal disease. To determine whether uraemic solute retention is responsible for this defect the HMS-path was evaluated by measurements of glucose-1-C14 utilization and determination of 14CO2 production in polymorphonuclear cells (PMNLs), suspended in normal plasma or uraemic biological fluids. Normal PMNLs, while suspended in normal or uraemic plasma, were stimulated with either latex, zymosan or Staph.

Depressed phagocytosis in hemodialyzed patients: in vivo and in vitro mechanisms.

Infection is a frequent complication and the major cause of death among end-stage renal patients. Polymorphonuclear phagocytes (PMNL) are important in host defense mainly because of bacterial destruction by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-related free radical production following phagocytosis. In this study, hexose monophosphate pathway glycolytic activity, delivering energy to NADPH oxidase, is evaluated in vivo and in vitro, in healthy controls and in dialyzed renal failure patients.

Antibiotics and energy delivery to the phagocytosis-associated respiratory burst in chronic hemodialysis patients: a comparison of cefodizime and cotrimoxazole.

Twenty-three stabilized chronic uremic patients with no active or recent infection were treated for 10 days with either cefodizime (5 x 2 g intravenously, n = 10) or cotrimoxazole (960 mg orally b.i.d.