Engineering of sugar transporters for improvement of xylose utilization during high-temperature alcoholic fermentation in Ogataea polymorpha yeast.

Background: Xylose transport is one of the bottlenecks in the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol. Xylose consumption by the wild-type strains of xylose-utilizing yeasts occurs once glucose is depleted resulting in a long fermentation process and overall slow and incomplete conversion of sugars liberated from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Therefore, the engineering of endogenous transporters for the facilitation of glucose-xylose co-consumption is an important prerequisite for efficient ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates.

Correction of adipocyte secretion disorders in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with overweight and obesity.

Introduction: The attention of scientists from many countries is focused on hormonal substances - adipokines at the present time. Lowering the level of the hormone adiponectin plays a central role in the development of obesity and cardiovascular disease in humans. The aim of the work is to determine the effect of complex therapy of thiotriazolin and L-lysine escinate on adipocyte secretion indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with overweight and obesity.

[Dynamics of riboflavin level in aqueous humour of anterior chamber of experimental animals under standard stroma saturation by ultraviolet corneal cross-linking solutions].

Aim: To evaluate the dynamics of riboflavin changes in the aqueous humour of the anterior chamber (AHAC) of rabbits' eyes during standard ultraviolet (UV) cross-linking with account to the area of corneal debridement.

Material And Methods: Forty two rabbits were studied sequentially. The following solutions of riboflavin were used for cornea saturation: IR - 0.

Electrocyclization of phosphahexatrienes: an approach to λ5-phosphinines.

We experimentally verified an assumption that the substitution of a carbon atom with a pentavalent phosphorus atom in 1-alkoxy (dialkylamino) hexatrienes will not hamper its ability to electrocyclize. A series of 1-, 3-, and 5-phosphahexatrienes were synthesized. It was shown that parent λ(5)-phosphinines could be synthesized by electrocyclization of the 3- and 5-phosphahexatrienes.

[Immunomodulatory role of perfluorane in the preoperative preparation of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment].

The paper presents the results of studying the effect of 10% perfluorane (PF) emulsion intravenously injected 1-2 days before surgical treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment on the levels of the cytokines IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-4 in the serum and subretinal fluid of patients. PF infusion was found to exert an immunomodulatory effect that favored a short-term increase in the serum level of proinflammatory cytokines (IL- 1beta and IL-6) at week 1 and TNF-alpha on day 1) with their gradual normalization. The subretinal fluid showed recovery of the mechanisms for local immunological reactions; eye inflammation reduced due to the decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and simultaneously the elevated level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4.