Mitochondrial Protein Density, Biomass, and Bioenergetics as Predictors for the Efficacy of Glioma Treatments.

The metabolism of glioma cells exhibits significant heterogeneity and is partially responsible for treatment outcomes. Given this variability, we hypothesized that the effectiveness of treatments targeting various metabolic pathways depends on the bioenergetic profiles and mitochondrial status of glioma cells. To this end, we analyzed mitochondrial biomass, mitochondrial protein density, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and glycolysis in a panel of eight glioma cell lines.

Morphology and ultrastructure of digestive system in pre-zoea and zoea I larvae of red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus (Tilesius, 1815).

The digestive system structure in pre-zoea and zoea I larvae of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus has been examined. During this development period, the digestive system consists of an esophagus, a stomach, a midgut (where the hepatopancreas ducts open), and a hindgut. The esophagus begins from the oral slit on the animal's ventral side and extends vertically up to the junction with the cardiac stomach.

Expression of , , , and during Gut Regeneration in Holothurian (Holothuroidea, Dendrochirotida).

Mesodermal cells of holothurian can transdifferentiate into enterocytes during the regeneration of the digestive system. In this study, we investigated the expression of several genes involved in gut regeneration in Moreover, the localization of progenitor cells of coelomocytes, juvenile cells, and their participation in the formation of the luminal epithelium of the digestive tube were studied. It was shown that Piwi-positive cells were not involved in the formation of the luminal epithelium of the digestive tube.

Water-soluble polyol-methanofullerenes as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants: Mechanism of action.

The mechanism of an antioxidant action of water-soluble polyol - methanofullerenes C[CHO(OH)] and C[CHO(OH)] as the mild uncouplers of an oxidative phosphorylation and respiration is postulated. According to this mechanism, hydroxyl group of methanofullerenols can be protonated under excess of protons in the intermembrane space of hyperpolarized mitochondria. Protonation of fullerene derivatives is confirmed by the decrease in their negative Zeta potential in the pH below 5.

Regeneration of the digestive system in the crinoid Himerometra robustipinna occurs by transdifferentiation of neurosecretory-like cells.

The structure and regeneration of the digestive system in the crinoid Himerometra robustipinna (Carpenter, 1881) were studied. The gut comprises a spiral tube forming radial lateral processes, which gives it a five-lobed shape. The digestive tube consists of three segments: esophagus, intestine, and rectum.