Enterobactin inhibits microbiota-dependent activation of AhR to promote bacterial sepsis in mice.

Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, but our understanding of the mechanisms underlying survival or susceptibility is limited. Here, as pathogens often subvert host defence mechanisms, we hypothesized that this might influence the outcome of sepsis. We used microbiota analysis, faecal microbiota transplantation, antibiotic treatment and caecal metabolite analysis to show that gut-microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites including indoles increased host survival in a mouse model of Serratia marcescens sepsis.

Influence of the Microbial Metabolite Acetyl Phosphate on Mitochondrial Functions Under Conditions of Exogenous Acetylation and Alkalization.

Background: Acetyl phosphate (AcP) is a microbial intermediate involved in the central bacterial metabolism. In bacteria, it also functions as a donor of acetyl and phosphoryl groups in the nonenzymatic protein acetylation and signal transduction. In host, AcP was detected as an intermediate of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and its appearance in the blood was considered as an indication of mitochondrial breakdown.

Common Mitochondrial Targets of Curcumin and Cinnamic Acid, the Membrane-Active Natural Phenolic Compounds.

Research has shown the multiple actions of curcumin on different cell systems, including enzymes and mitochondria. The detected effects of curcumin on mitochondria are diverse, ranging from protective to toxic. In this present work, the influence of curcumin, as well as cinnamic acid, which is a microbial metabolite and a possible product of the microbial breakdown of curcumin, on isolated mitochondria, was investigated.

An Integrated Approach Based on Clinical Data Combined with Metabolites and Biomarkers for the Assessment of Post-Operative Complications after Cardiac Surgery.

Early diagnosis of post-operative complications is an urgent task, allowing timely prescribing of appropriate therapy and reducing the cost of patient treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an integrated approach based on clinical data, along with metabolites and biomarkers, had greater predictive value than the models built on fewer data in the early diagnosis of post-operative complications after cardiac surgery. : The study included patients ( = 62) admitted for planned cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass) with ( = 26) or without ( = 36) post-operative complications.