Vitamin C-reduced graphene oxide improves the performance and stability of multimodal neural microelectrodes.

Nanocarbons are often employed as coatings for neural electrodes to enhance surface area. However, processing and integrating them into microfabrication flows requires complex and harmful chemical and heating conditions. This article presents a safe, scalable, cost-effective method to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coatings using vitamin C (VC) as the reducing agent.

Gold nanostructures: synthesis, properties, and neurological applications.

Recent advances in technology are expected to increase our current understanding of neuroscience. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials can alter and control neural functionality in both and experimental setups. The intersection between neuroscience and nanoscience may generate long-term neural interfaces adapted at the molecular level.

MXene-infused bioelectronic interfaces for multiscale electrophysiology and stimulation.

Soft bioelectronic interfaces for mapping and modulating excitable networks at high resolution and at large scale can enable paradigm-shifting diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment strategies. Yet, current technologies largely rely on materials and fabrication schemes that are expensive, do not scale, and critically limit the maximum attainable resolution and coverage. Solution processing is a cost-effective manufacturing alternative, but biocompatible conductive inks matching the performance of conventional metals are lacking.

Time Evolution of the Skin-Electrode Interface Impedance under Different Skin Treatments.

A low and stable impedance at the skin-electrode interface is key to high-fidelity acquisition of biosignals, both acutely and in the long term. However, recording quality is highly variable due to the complex nature of human skin. Here, we present an experimental and modeling framework to investigate the interfacial impedance behavior, and describe how skin interventions affect its stability over time.

A gel-free TiCT-based electrode array for high-density, high-resolution surface electromyography.

Wearable sensors for surface electromyography (EMG) are composed of single- to few-channel large-area contacts, which exhibit high interfacial impedance and require conductive gels or adhesives to record high-fidelity signals. These devices are also limited in their ability to record activation across large muscle groups due to poor spatial coverage. To address these challenges, we have developed a novel high-density EMG array based on titanium carbide (TiCT) MXene encapsulated in parylene-C.