[Professional burnout of medical workers: approaches to detection and prevention].

The specificity of the medical profession, which involves constant communication with sufferers and their loved ones; the need to quickly master rapidly developing medical technologies and the digital environment; organizational and economic changes in the healthcare system that are increasingly intensifying the work of medical workers create a risk of expanding the scope and aggravation of the problem of professional burnout. The article presents an analysis of approaches to identifying signs and classifying the stages of professional burnout among medical workers, as well as methods for preventing and relieving this syndrome in domestic and foreign practice. In addition, the results of two mass surveys of medical specialists employed in the Moscow healthcare system, conducted at five-year intervals, are presented.

[Behavior patterns of the population in relation to health].

In order to identify the basic patterns of behavior that reflect the attitude of Russians to their health, a large corpus of relevant scientific literature was analyzed, as well as actual statistical data and the results of representative sociological studies concerning various aspects of both self-preserving and self-destructive behavior of Russians. As a result, four basic models of behavior were formed and described, which differ in a set of positive and negative attitudes and characteristic lines of behavior in relation to one's health («a convinced healthy lifestyle person», «a beginner healthy lifestyle person», «irresponsible» and «self-destructive»). Based on the analysis of statistics and sociological information, it was concluded that even the behavioral model of a «beginner healthy lifestyle person» is implemented by a very minority of Russians.

[MEDICAL AND SOCIAL SUPPORT OF CHRONIC PATIENTS: OLD PROBLEMS, NEW SOLUTIONS].

The purpose of the article is to study approaches to medical and social support of patients with chronic diseases in Russia and abroad in order to identify possible ways to solve emerging problems in this area of modern healthcare development. The reasons of comorbidity (polymorbidity), disadvantages of algorithms for accompanying patients with two or more chronic diseases, models of management of patients with chronic diseases and priorities of their use are considered. Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign publications, as well as the systematization of the opinions of experts interviewed during the scientific and practical expert session conducted by the authors (April 2022), conclusions are drawn about existing problems and possible ways to solve them.

[CHANGING THE FUNCTIONALITY: HOW DO MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS PERCEIVE INNOVATIONS?].

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of changing the functionality of nurses, analyzing the opinions of nurses and doctors themselves on the implementation of such an innovation, assessing the benefits and consequences associated with expanding the functions and increasing the role of nurses in the medical community. The research is based on CHAID-analysis of data from a questionnaire survey conducted in 2020, which revealed the respondents' attitude to the idea of improving the status of nurses and expanding their functions, expectations of the possible reaction of the medical community and patients to this innovation, and the development of so-called «trees» of classifications for various variables. The collected and systematized data on changes in the functionality of nurses can serve as a starting point for the possible expansion of the functions and powers of nurses in the metropolitan health care, as well as increasing the role and status of nurses in the professional environment.

[INSTRUMENTS FOR INCREASING LABOR MOTIVATION OF MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS EMPLOYEES].

The article is devoted to the study of motivation of medical organization employees to work. A competent system of motivation of medical personnel, focused on building long-term goals and development conditions, supporting the organizational climate and increasing the involvement of medical workers in their work, solves most of the problems that any medical organization faces. In addition, the policy of the medical institution, the values of the management itself and a favorable psychological climate are important factors in motivating doctors and nurses.