Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patient involvement and engagement in European health care and research projects: expanding the scope of patient advocacy.

Patient involvement and engagement (PI&E) in health care and research has gained prominence, shifting towards person-centred approaches and shared decision making. Patients actively participating in health care design and research lead to better quality and efficiency of care. However, implementing meaningful PI&E is challenging and requires adequate resources and evaluation frameworks so that it does not result in tokenism.