Integrated virtual screening and compound generation targeting H275Y mutation in the neuraminidase gene of oseltamivir-resistant influenza strains.

Neuraminidase (NA) is an essential enzyme located at the outer layer of the influenza virus and plays a key role in the release of virions from infected cells. The rising incidence of global epidemics has made the urgent need for effective antiviral medications an urgent public health priority. Furthermore, the emergence of resistance caused by specific mutations in the influenza viral genome exacerbates the challenges of antiviral therapy.

Pathological interplay of NF-κB and M1 macrophages in chronic inflammatory lung diseases.

Inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary fibrosis depend on the pathology of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway and M1 macrophage polarization. This review discusses the intimate molecular interactions and processes that modulate NF-κB's promotion of M1 macrophages and chronic inflammation/tissue damage within the confines of this review. NF-κB activation in macrophages produces pro-inflammatory mediators (cytokines - TNFα, IL6, IL1β, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), further increasing airway remodeling and fibrosis.

A Young Male With SCAD: Challenging Conventional Risk Factors and Insights.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a relatively rare and underdiagnosed condition that can lead to acute coronary syndrome (ACS), with a notable incidence in young female patients without traditional cardiovascular risk factors. We present an unusual case of SCAD in a young male patient in the absence of common predisposing factors such as fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), connective tissue disorders, and systemic inflammatory conditions. A 29-year-old man presenting with chest pain was diagnosed with SCAD involving the left anterior descending artery (LAD), resulting in an acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Effects of disability on early childhood development in 3 to 4-year-old children in three South Asian countries: evidence from multiple indicators cluster surveys.

Background: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) prioritize optimal early childhood development (ECD) for all children, emphasizing the principle of leaving no one behind. Despite this focus, the association between disability and ECD remains largely unknown in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to investigate the impact of disability on ECD among 3 to 4-year-old children in three South Asian countries.