Hypoimmunogenic human iPSCs expressing HLA-G, PD-L1, and PD-L2 evade innate and adaptive immunity.

Background: The human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can generate all the cells composing the human body, theoretically. Therefore, hiPSCs are thought to be a candidate source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. The major challenge of allogeneic hiPSC-derived cell products is their immunogenicity.

MINDY1 Is a Downstream Target of the Polyamines and Promotes Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal.

Embryonic stem cells have the ability to self-renew or differentiate and these processes are under tight control. We previously reported that the polyamine regulator AMD1 is critical for embryonic stem cell self-renewal. The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are essential organic cations that play a role in a wide array of cellular processes.

Efficacy of upfront high-dose chemotherapy plus rituximab followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for untreated high-intermediate-, and high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a multicenter prospective phase II study (JSCT-NHL04).

To evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of upfront high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and rituximab (R) followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) in patients with newly diagnosed high-intermediate(HI)-, and high(H)-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), we conducted a multicenter prospective phase II trial. In 15-60-year-old patients with H- or HI-risk DLBCL, after three courses of (R-)CHOP14, high-dose etoposide was given prior to peripheral blood stem cell harvesting. After an additional three courses of (R-)CHOP14, auto-PBSCT was performed following HDCT.

ELABELA Is an Endogenous Growth Factor that Sustains hESC Self-Renewal via the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

ELABELA (ELA) is a peptide hormone required for heart development that signals via the Apelin Receptor (APLNR, APJ). ELA is also abundantly secreted by human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which do not express APLNR. Here we show that ELA signals in a paracrine fashion in hESCs to maintain self-renewal.

PDX1 binds and represses hepatic genes to ensure robust pancreatic commitment in differentiating human embryonic stem cells.

Inactivation of the Pancreatic and Duodenal Homeobox 1 (PDX1) gene causes pancreatic agenesis, which places PDX1 high atop the regulatory network controlling development of this indispensable organ. However, little is known about the identity of PDX1 transcriptional targets. We simulated pancreatic development by differentiating human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into early pancreatic progenitors and subjected this cell population to PDX1 chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq).