Formulas to estimate dietary sodium intake from spot urine lead to misleading associations with cardiovascular disease risk and mortality.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that the association of formula-estimated sodium intake from spot urine with cardiovascular disease is independent of spot urinary sodium concentration.

Methods: We included 435 336 participants in the UK Biobank whose sodium intake was estimated from spot urine using INTERSALT, Kawasaki, and Tanaka formulas. Hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and deaths were estimated using Cox proportional-hazard model adjusted for multiple covariates.

Daily Path Areas and Location Use During and After Cardiac Rehabilitation.

Purpose: Little research has focused on the potential impact that the environment plays in shaping cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patient sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA). To address this, the current study generated daily path areas (DPAs) based on the locations they visited during and after they completed CR.

Methods: Patients in CR (n = 66) completed a survey and wore an accelerometer and Global Positioning System receiver for 7 days early (first month), late (last 2 weeks of program), and 3 months after completing CR.

Integrated electronic health record tools to access real-world data in oncology research.

Objectives: The Integrating Clinical Trials and Real-World Endpoints (ICAREdata) project aimed to demonstrate that electronic health record (EHR) data, expressed in a standard structured format, can be extracted and transmitted to contribute to clinical research. Using the minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE), we collected standardized oncology outcome data from EHRs across 10 clinical sites and 15 trials. This report details and assesses the ICAREdata technical implementation and offers recommendations to benefit future projects with similar goals.

tRNA, yRNA, and rRNA fragment excisions do not involve canonical microRNA biogenesis machinery.

The excision of specific tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), yRNA-derived small RNAs (ysRNAs) and ribosomal RNA-derived small RNAs (rsRNAs) is now well established. Several reports have suggested many of these fragments function much like traditional microRNAs (miRNAs). That said, whereas the expressions of the majority of appreciably expressed miRNAs in HCT116 colon cancer cells are significantly decreased in individual knockouts (KOs) of DROSHA, DGCR8, XPO5, and DICER, on average, only 3.