Background: In the inflammatory process of multiple sclerosis (MS) several toxic waste products are generated. The clearance of these products might depend on the glymphatic system; however, it's preserved function in MS is uncertain. Recently, it was suggested that this 'waste clearance' system can be examined by measuring the diffusion along the perivascular space (ALPS) index.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 56 (DEE-56) is caused by pathogenic variants in YWHAG and is characterized by early-onset epilepsy and neurodevelopmental delay. This study reports on a cohort of DEE-56 individuals, correlating antiseizure medication usage and comorbidities, to aid in understanding disease evolution.
Methods: We analyzed data from thirty-nine individuals aged 3-40 years with YWHAG variants, including 12 previously unreported individuals (2 of these with recurrent distal 7q11.
The objective of this work was to determine the effects of using simplified finite element (FE) mesh geometry in the process of performing reverse iterative fitting to estimate cartilage material parameters from in situ indentation testing. Six bovine tibial osteochondral explants were indented with sequential 5 % step-strains followed by a 600 s hold while relaxation force was measured. Three sets of porous viscohyperelastic material parameters were estimated for each specimen using reverse iterative fitting of the indentation test with (1) 2D axisymmetric, (2) 3D idealized, and (3) 3D specimen-specific FE meshes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Migraine has been associated with functional brain changes including altered connectivity and activity both during and between headache attacks. Recent studies established that the variability of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal is an important attribute of brain activity, which has so far been understudied in migraine. In this study, we investigate how time-varying measures of BOLD variability change interictally in episodic migraine patients.
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