Axillary lymph node metastasis and survival in breast cancer patients with concurrent cardio-cerebral-vascular disease.

Objectives: Dissemination of tumour cells occurring both spontaneously or caused by diagnostic biopsy procedures is the most serious complication of solid malignancies. In the present work we focus on local tumour spread and how this complication of cancer disease can be counteracted.

Design: From a cohort of 864 breast cancer patients we selected those who died of their primary cancer and those who died because of a simultaneously existing cardio-cerebral-vascular disease (CCVD) and were exposed to anticoagulants.

Studies on the distribution of abnormal cells in cytological smears. VII. Cervical brush versus plastic and wooden spatulas.

A model system of exfoliated normal human cervicovaginal squamous cells, exfoliated rodent tumor cells, and acellular, viscous, mucuslike material was used to investigate cell deposition on smear preparations made with three different instruments: plastic spatulas, wooden spatulas, and brush-tipped collectors. The total number of exfoliated cells and the total number of tumor cells present within the randomly distributed holes were then recorded for 41 smear preparations. For smears done with the brush, a total of 47,146 exfoliated cells were recorded; with wooden spatulas, 4517 cells; and with plastic spatulas, 7648 cells.

Effect of combined treatment with phenylpropanolamine and estriol, compared with estriol treatment alone, in postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence.

Twenty-nine postmenopausal women with slight to severe stress urinary incontinence and estrogen deficiency symptoms in the urogenital tract were treated with estriol, p.o. 4 mg once daily, and either phenylpropanolamine (PPA), p.

Evaluation of the urethral mucosa before and after oestrogen treatment in postmenopausal women with a new sampling technique.

Using a new type of nylon brush (Cytobrush) for sampling of cells, the state of the urethral mucosa was evaluated before and after oestrogen treatment in 10 patients suffering from urinary incontinence. In 4 other patients the results obtained were compared with those using the conventional cotton swab technique. The brush specimens were found to be much more cellular and consequently more informative than those obtained with the conventional technique.

Screening for endometrial carcinoma by endouterine aspiration cytology with analysis of tumor markers in the aspirates. Development and application of a new screening technique.

A new endometrial aspiration technique for office screening of endometrial carcinoma without an anesthesia was studied. In patients without apparent signs of cervical canal stenosis, all of whom were 50 years of age or older, the aspiration attempt was successful in 96%. The aspirates were used for cytologic study and tumor marker assays.