Immunophenotyping of Synovial Tissue in Adolescents Undergoing ACL Reconstruction: What Is the Role of Synovial Inflammation in Arthrofibrosis?

Background: Loss of motion and arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) can be devastating complications for athletes. The cellular and molecular pathogenesis of arthrofibrosis is poorly understood, limiting prevention and treatment options. Synovial inflammation may contribute to post-ACLR arthrofibrosis.

Understanding the Biology and Testing Techniques for Pharmacogenomics in Oncology: A Practical Guide for the Clinician.

Pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing is a growing area of personalized medicine with demonstrated clinical utility in improving patient outcomes in oncology. PGx testing of pharmacogenes affecting drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and response can help inform drug selection and dosing of several anticancer therapies and supportive care medications. Several PGx testing techniques exist including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), MassARRAY, microarray, and sequencing.

Real-World Impact of an In-House Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase () Genotype Test on Fluoropyrimidine Dosing, Toxicities, and Hospitalizations at a Multisite Cancer Center.

Purpose: Fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity and mortality risk increases significantly in patients carrying certain genetic variants with standard dosing. We implemented genotyping at a multisite cancer center and evaluated its impact on dosing, toxicity, and hospitalization.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients receiving (reactive) or planning to receive (pretreatment) fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were genotyped for five variants as standard practice per provider discretion.

Hereditary chronic neutrophilic leukemia in a four-generation family without transformation to acute leukemia.

Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) characterized by peripheral blood neutrophilia, marrow granulocyte hyperplasia, hepatosplenomegaly, and driver mutations in the colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R). Designation of activating CSF3R mutations as a defining genomic abnormality for CNL has led to increased recognition of the disease. However, the natural history of CNL remains poorly understood with most patients reported being of older age, lacking germline data, and having poor survival, in part due to transformation to acute leukemia.

Can a Liquid Biopsy Detect Circulating Tumor DNA With Low-passage Whole-genome Sequencing in Patients With a Sarcoma? A Pilot Evaluation.

Background: A liquid biopsy is a test that evaluates the status of a disease by analyzing a sample of bodily fluid, most commonly blood. In recent years, there has been progress in the development and clinical application of liquid biopsy methods to identify blood-based, tumor-specific biomarkers for many cancer types. However, the implementation of these technologies to aid in the treatment of patients who have a sarcoma remains behind other fields of cancer medicine.