A randomized study comparing plasma concentration of ropivacaine after local infiltration analgesia and femoral block in primary total knee arthroplasty.

Pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is difficult to control. A recently developed and increasingly popular method for postoperative analgesia following knee and hip arthroplasty is Local Infiltration Analgesia (LIA) with ropivacaine, ketorolac and epinephrine. This method is considered to have certain advantages, which include administration at the site of traumatized tissue, minimal systemic side effects, faster postoperative mobilization, earlier postoperative discharge from hospital and less opioid consumption.

Use of LC-HRMS in full scan-XIC mode for multi-analyte urine drug testing - a step towards a 'black-box' solution?

The influx of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has created a need for improved methods for drug testing in toxicology laboratories. The aim of this work was to design, validate and apply a multi-analyte liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method for screening of 148 target analytes belonging to the NPS class, plant alkaloids and new psychoactive therapeutic drugs. The analytical method used a fivefold dilution of urine with nine deuterated internal standards and injection of 2 μl.

Method validation and application of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for drugs of abuse testing in exhaled breath.

A mass spectrometric method for drugs of abuse testing in exhaled breath employing a sampling device collecting aerosol particles was developed and applied in routine use. Analytes covered were amphetamine, methamphetamine, 6-acetylmorphine, morphine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, diazepam, oxazepam and tetrahydrocannabinol. The method involved eluting drugs from the collection filter with methanol, quantification using deuterated analogs as internal standards, reversed phase chromatography with gradient elution, positive electrospray ionization and monitoring of two product ions per analyte in selected reaction monitoring mode.

Plasma concentration of ketorolac after local infiltration analgesia in hip arthroplasty.

Background: Local infiltration analgesia (LIA) with local anaesthetic (ropivacaine), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (ketorolac) and epinephrine after lower extremity arthroplasty has gained increasing popularity during the last decade. This method has certain advantages, which include minimal systemic side effects, faster post-operative mobilization, earlier post-operative discharge from hospital and less opioid consumption. However, information regarding plasma concentrations of ketorolac after LIA mixture is insufficient to predict the risk of renal impairment in patients subjected to arthroplasty.

Determination of amphetamine and methylphenidate in exhaled breath of patients undergoing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatment.

Objectives: It has been discovered recently that exogenous substances are detectable in exhaled breath after intake. Exhaled breath therefore constitutes a new possible matrix in clinical pharmacology and toxicology. The present work was aimed at exploring this possibility further by a study on patients treated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with D-amphetamine and methylphenidate.