Nitrogen fixing cereal: A rising hero towards meeting food security.

Nitrogen serves as one of the primary components of major biomolecules and thus extends a significant contribution to crop growth and yield. But the inability of plants to utilize freely available atmospheric N makes the whole agricultural system dependent on chemical fertilizers, which incur significant input cost to supplement required quantities of nitrogen to crops. Only bacteria and archaea have been gifted with the power of drawing free N from air to convert them into NH, which is one of the two utilizable forms of nitrogen taken up by plants.