Tumour Microenvironment as a Potential Immune Therapeutic Target for Tongue Cancer Management.

Immunotherapy is a promising approach in the management of human cancers and has been proven to provide a durable response in many cancers. It is helpful as an adjuvant therapy for cancers and at present is considered as a fourth pillar supporting surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the treatment of oral cancer, immunotherapy is approved in late-stage diseases where surgical resection cannot be carried out or fails, leading to recurrences and metastasis.

Pertinence of Streptococcus anginosus group in intracerebral abscesses in the era of extended antibiotic resistance.

Aims: • To study the incidence of Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) in pyogenic or community acquired intra cerebral abscess. • To understand the risk factors for the same. • To analyze the specific radiological features and clinical outcome after surgery and antibiotic therapy.

Primary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx: A Case Report.

Neuroendocrine tumours can originate from any part of the body. The most common site in the head and neck is the larynx, accounts for less than 0.6%.

Diagnostic Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Combined with the Bethesda System of Reporting.

Background: Image-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is emerging as an important diagnostic tool in the evaluation of thyroid swellings.

Aim: This study aims to assess the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided FNAC combined with "The Bethesda system' of reporting as a primary screening test for all thyroid lesions.

Settings And Design: A prospective cohort study was made and all the US-guided FNACs done were followed up to find out the histopathological diagnoses wherever surgery was done.