Coexpression of chitinase and the cry11Aa1 toxin genes in Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis.

At the spore stage, a cloned chitinase gene was coexpressed with the regulatory gene p19 and the toxin gene cry11Aa1 in the hosts Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis strains 4Q2-72 and c4Q2-72. The chitinase gene was derived from a high-chitinase producer, Bacillus licheniformis TP-1. Two transcriptional fusion plasmids between the p19 or p19-cry11Aa1 genes and the promoterless chitinase gene were constructed.

Estimates of gene flow among Anopheles maculatus populations in Thailand using microsatellite analysis.

We report an analysis of seven microsatellite loci in eight populations of Anopheles maculatus mosquitoes dispersed over a distance of approximately 1,100 km in Thailand. A wide spectrum of genetic variability, with mean heterozygosities ranging from 0.738 to 0.

Sequence heterogeneity in copia-like retrotransposons in Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand.

Degenerate primers and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected a conserved region of copia-like reverse transcriptase from Anopheles mosquitoes in Thailand. A total of 43 subclone PCR fragments of the size expected for reverse transcriptase of copia-like elements was isolated from Anopheles dirus (Peyton & Harrison) subspecies A, Anopheles maculatus (Theobald) subspecies E, Anopheles nivipes (Theobald), and Anopheles subpictus Grassi. Sequence analysis of subclones confirmed the identity of these sequences as copia-like reverse transcriptase sequences.

Microsatellite polymorphism in Anopheles maculatus, a malaria vector in Thailand.

Dinucleotide microsatellites were characterized from Anopheles maculatus, a species of mosquito that transmits malaria. A partial genomic library of An. maculatus, consisting of 3,960 kilobases (kb), was screened with either (GT)12 or (CT)12 probes.