Hypermagnesemia in a 20-month-old healthy girl caused by the use of a laxative: a case report.

Background: Hypermagnesemia can be a fatal condition and should be diagnosed early on. Most reports of hypermagnesemia have been of adults with impaired renal function. We describe the case of a pediatric patient without renal dysfunction who developed severe hypermagnesemia.

Clinical characterization and long-term prognosis of neurological development in preterm infants with late-onset circulatory collapse.

Objective: To characterize the risk factors for late-onset circulatory collapse (LCC) in preterm infants responsive to corticosteroid therapy and evaluate the long-term neurological prognosis.

Study Design: A retrospective case-control study for preterm infants (≤32 weeks' gestation) admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit from 1994 through 2002.

Result: Sixty-five infants (11%) were diagnosed with LCC.

Cerebral hemodynamics after exogenous surfactant administration for respiratory distress syndrome in piglet model.

Objective: The rapid improvement of lung function after exogenous surfactant treatment for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) can affect the functions of several other systems, which includes cerebral blood flow volume (CBF). To evaluate the change in CBF after treatment with exogenous surfactant, we measured CBF in a newborn piglet model with RDS.

Method: After the lung lavage with normal saline, ten animals under mechanical ventilation were administered either 120 mg/kg surfactant-TA (Surfacten) or air placebo.

Postnatal change of renal artery blood flow velocity and its relationship with urine volume in very low birth weight infants during the first month of life.

Although the renal artery blood flow velocity has been investigated recently using the ultrasound Doppler method, little is known about the longitudinal change of renal artery blood flow velocity and its relationship with urine volume in very low birth weight infant. Thus, we measured renal artery blood flow velocities by means of the pulse Doppler method in 28 very low birth weight infants. Maximum, minimum, and mean blood flow velocities were determined at postnatal days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 13, 20, and 27.

Cerebral blood flow during treatment for pulmonary hypertension.

Aim: To determine if the haemodynamics of systemic and cerebral circulation are changed during treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN).

Methods: Fifteen term newborn piglets with hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension were randomly assigned either tolazoline infusion (Tz), hyperventilation alkalosis(HAT), and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), mean systemic arterial pressure (SAP), and cerebral blood flow volume (CBF) were measured.