Investigation of removal and inactivation efficiencies of human sapovirus in drinking water treatment processes by applying an in vitro cell-culture system.

Here, we examined the efficiencies of drinking water treatment processes for the removal and inactivation of human sapovirus (HuSaV). We applied a recently developed in vitro cell-culture system to produce purified solutions of HuSaV containing virus concentrations high enough to conduct virus-spiking experiments, to develop an integrated cell culture-polymerase chain reaction (ICC-PCR) assay to quantify the infectivity of HuSaV, and to conduct virus-spiking experiments. In virus-spiking coagulation-sedimentation-rapid sand filtration (CS-RSF) and coagulation-microfiltration (C-MF) experiments, HuSaV removals of 1.

Overlooked effect of ordinary inorganic ions on polyaluminum-chloride coagulation treatment.

Application of poly-aluminum chloride (PACl) coagulant is a popular mode of water treatment worldwide because of the high capacity of PACl to neutralize charge. The manufacture and use of PACls with various basicities in different regions around the world suggest that the characteristics of the raw water are important determinants of the efficacy of PACl application. However, attention has not been fully paid to the effects of water quality other than the substances to be removed.

Screening priority pesticides for drinking water quality regulation and monitoring by machine learning: Analysis of factors affecting detectability.

Proper selection of new contaminants to be regulated or monitored prior to implementation is an important issue for regulators and water supply utilities. Herein, we constructed and evaluated machine learning models for predicting the detectability (detection/non-detection) of pesticides in surface water as drinking water sources. Classification and regression models were constructed for Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM, respectively; of these, the LightGBM classification model had the highest prediction accuracy.

Removal of soluble divalent manganese by superfine powdered activated carbon and free chlorine: Development and application of a simple kinetic model of mass transfer-catalytic surface oxidation.

Catalytic oxidative removal of Mn on activated-carbon surfaces by free chlorine was recently discovered and found to be potentially practicable for water treatment when using micrometer-sized activated carbon. Herein, we newly derived a kinetic model for trace-substance removal by catalytic reaction and applied it to the Mn removal. External-film mass transfer, adsorption, and oxidation/desorption contributed similarly to the Mn removal rate under actual practical conditions.

Diagnosis of Parkinson syndrome and Lewy-body disease using I-ioflupane images and a model with image features based on machine learning.

Objectives: I-ioflupane has been clinically applied to dopamine transporter imaging and visual interpretation assisted by region-of-interest (ROI)-based parameters. We aimed to build a multivariable model incorporating machine learning (ML) that could accurately differentiate abnormal profiles on I-ioflupane images and diagnose Parkinson syndrome or disease and dementia with Lewy bodies (PS/PD/DLB).

Methods: We assessed I-ioflupane images from 239 patients with suspected neurodegenerative diseases or dementia and classified them as having PS/PD/DLB or non-PS/PD/DLB.