T-cell diversity and exclusion of blood-derived T-cells in the tumor microenvironment of classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.

The Tumor Microenvironment (TME) in classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) contains abundant immune cells and only few neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells (HRSC). We analyzed the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire to detect T-cell expansion in the TME and blood. In contrast to solid cancer tissue, T-cells in the TME of HL are highly polyclonal at first diagnosis and show only minor clonal expansion during anti-PD1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).

Thermally Initiated Formation of Criegee Intermediate CHOO in the Oxidation of Ethane.

Criegee intermediates (CIs) play an important role in atmospheric chemistry as a transient source of the OH radical through their formation by the ozonolysis of unsaturated organic compounds. Here, we report thermally initiated formation of the smallest CI (CHOO) in the oxidation of ethane (CHCH) that may be relevant to combustion and flames. The SiO/SiC oxidation microreactor is heated to 1800 K and has a short residence time of ∼100 μs.

Dynamics of HCN, HNC, and HNCO Formation in the 193 nm Photodissociation of Formamide.

Formamide (NHCHO) is the simplest molecule containing a peptide linkage [-NH-C(═O)-], and it plays an essential role in the study of prebiotic chemistry. Exposure to UV irradiation allows formamide to decompose and act as a prebiotic feedstock in the formation of nucleobases and other necessary starting materials. The photodissociation mechanism of gaseous formamide at 193 nm is studied using (a) chirped-pulse Fourier transform millimeter-wave spectroscopy in the 260-290 GHz spectral region in a room-temperature flow-tube reactor at 1 μbar pressure, (b) a combination of electronic structure theory, transition state theory, and quasiclassical trajectories, and (c) the Active Thermochemical Tables.

Twins in rotational spectroscopy: Does a rotational spectrum uniquely identify a molecule?

Rotational spectroscopy is the most accurate method for determining structures of molecules in the gas phase. It is often assumed that a rotational spectrum is a unique "fingerprint" of a molecule. The availability of large molecular databases and the development of artificial intelligence methods for spectroscopy make the testing of this assumption timely.

Challenges perceived by social workers to prevent FGM/C in Bavaria: a prospective, cross-sectional survey.

Background: Worldwide, at least 230 million girls and women are affected by female genital mutilation/ cutting (FGM/C). FGM/C violates human rights and can cause irreparable harm and even lead to death. In 2022, more than 100,000 survivors of FGM/C lived in Germany, and more than 17,000 girls were considered at risk.