Embryonic Development of the Gastrodermis in the Coral .

Due to limited spawning seasons, embryogenesis of corals has not fully been studied and the embryonic origin of gastrodermis remains uncertain in . We herein examined how embryonic endodermal cells develop into the gastrodermis and mesentery of polyps in . In juvenile polyps, the gastrodermis invaginates to form mesenteries, both of which were stained with rhodamine-phalloidin, an anti-myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2 (anti-AtMef2) antibody, and an anti-lipoxygenase homology domain-containing protein 1 (anti-AtLoxhd1) antibody.

Aromatic residues in N-terminal domain of archaeal trehalase affect the folding and activity of catalytic domain.

Considering the structure of the bacterial GH15 family glucoamylase (GA), Thermoplasma trehalase Tvn1315 may be composed of a β-sandwich domain (BD) and a catalytic domain (CD). Tvn1315 BD weakly binds to insoluble β-glucans, such as cellulose, and helps fold CD. To determine how aromatic residues contribute to proper folding and enzyme activity, we performed alanine scanning for 32 aromatic residues in the BD.

Genome and tissue-specific transcriptomes of the large-polyp coral, Fimbriaphyllia (Euphyllia) ancora: a recipe for a coral polyp.

Coral polyps are composed of four tissues; however, their characteristics are largely unexplored. Here we report biological characteristics of tentacles (Te), mesenterial filaments (Me), body wall (Bo), and mouth with pharynx (MP), using comparative genomic, morpho-histological, and transcriptomic analyses of the large-polyp coral, Fimbriaphyllia ancora. A draft F.

, a Maternal and Zygotic SHARK Family Tyrosine Kinase Gene, Is Disrupted in , a Tailless Ascidian.

AbstractWe describe the cloning and expression of a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, (), a () gene, identified in a subtractive screen for maternal ascidian cDNAs in , an ascidian species with a tadpole larva. The gene encodes a 4-kb mRNA expressed in gonads, eggs, and embryos in the tailed but is not detected in eggs or embryos of the closely related tailless species . There is a large insertion in in the genome, as shown by transcriptome and genome analyses, resulting in it becoming a pseudogene.

Impact of Direct Measurement of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol for Long-Term Secondary Prevention in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: This study investigated whether directly measured small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (D-sdLDL-C) can predict long-term coronary artery disease (CAD) events compared with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and estimated small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (E-sdLDL-C) determined by the Sampson equation in patients with stable CAD.

Methods: D-sdLDL-C measured at Showa University between 2010 and 2022, and E-sdLDL-C were evaluated in 790 male and 244 female patients with stable CAD. CAD events, defined as sudden cardiac death, onset of acute coronary syndrome, and/or need for coronary revascularization, were monitored for 12 years.