In silico Prediction of Pranlukast as a Stabilizer of PD-L1 Homodimers.

Introduction: Tumors can be targeted by modulating the immune response of the patient. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are critical immune checkpoints in cancer biology. The efficacy of certain cancer immunotherapies has been achieved by targeting these molecules using monoclonal antibodies.

Continuous exposure to doxorubicin induces stem cell-like characteristics and plasticity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells identified with the SORE6 reporter.

Purpose: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) account for recurrence and resistance to breast cancer drugs, rendering them a cause of mortality and therapeutic failure. In this study, we examined the effects of exposure to low concentrations of doxorubicin (Dox) on CSCs and non-CSCs from TNBC.

Methods: The effects of Dox were studied using the SORE6 reporter system.

DRD1 and DRD4 are differentially expressed in breast tumors and breast cancer stem cells: pharmacological implications.

Background: Abnormal expression of dopamine receptors (DRs) has been described in multiple tumors, but their roles in breast cancer are inconclusive or contradictory since evidence of pro- and anti-tumoral effects have been reported. Herein, we analyzed the expression of DRs in breast cancer, especially in the subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and evaluated the functional role of the receptors by pharmacological targeting.

Methods: Expression of , , , and was investigated in human breast tumors and cancer cell lines using public databases.

Relationship between the expression of complement inhibitory proteins and therapeutic efficacy of antibodies in breast cancer.

Complement regulatory proteins (mCRPs) CD55, CD46 and CD59 have been proposed as key elements in therapeutic resistance against cancer. mCRP-expressing tumor cells, in addition to hindering trastuzumab, pertuzumab and sacituzumab-govitecan therapeutic activity in breast cancer, can regulate biological processes that promote tumor progression. This review describes the structure of mCRPs and analyzes their expression using transcriptomic databases from breast cancer patients, in addition to collecting information on mCRPs interactions and signaling in tumor cells.

Bioassays for the Evaluation of Target Neutralization and Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC) of Therapeutic Antibodies.

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are complex bioengineered proteins that require to be routinely characterized with robust and reliable bioassays. Infliximab was the first anti-TNFα mAb approved for use in humans and its use has revolutionized the treatment TNF-mediated inflammatory disorders. The mechanism of action (MOA) of infliximab involves its binding to soluble (s) and membrane (m) TNFα.