Potential hazards of octinoxate (ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate) exposure in the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile: Experimental evidence.

Interest has risen in recent years to assess the fate and impacts of organic ultraviolet (UV) filters in aquatic environments, after being recognized as contaminants of emerging concern. Octinoxate, also known as ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), is among the widely used UV filters in sunscreen formulations. Its potential toxicological effects in aquatic biota have led to precautionary actions in some jurisdictions, such as restricting and even banning its presence in commercial sunscreens.

Toxicity of inorganic nanoparticles and commercial sunscreens on marine bacteria.

The Balearic Islands, a top tourist destination for sunny beaches, face physical and chemical pressures from human activities, impacting keystone species like the endemic seagrass Posidonia oceanica and its associated microbiome. This study evaluated the effects of ZnO and TiO nanoparticles and three commercial sunscreens with varying protection factors (50 or 90) and chemical complexities (1- SPF50_E "eco-friendly"; 2- SPF50 not "eco-friendly"; 3- SPF90 not "eco-friendly") on five heterotrophic bacteria (Pseudomonas azotifigens, Marinobacterium litorale, Thiothrix nivea, Sedimenticola thiotaurini and Cobetia sp) and two autotrophic cyanobacteria (Halothece sp. and Fischerella muscicola) associated to P.

Distribution and accumulation of UV filters (UVFs) and conservation status of Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows in a prominent Mediterranean coastal tourist hub.

This study investigates the presence and impact of UV filters in Posidonia oceanica meadows in Formentera, a Mediterranean tourist hotspot. It highlights the distribution of inorganic (TiO2 and ZnO) and organic UV filters (UVFs) in different environmental matrices, their accumulation in seagrass tissues and their impact on the seagrass health. In the overlying and canopy waters of P.

Effects of the sunscreen ultraviolet filter oxybenzone (benzophenone-3) on the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile and its associated N fixers.

Oxybenzone/benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is one of the most detrimental organic ultraviolet filters for marine biota, leading to legislative measures banning its presence in commercial sunscreen formulations of several countries. It remains poorly explored how this contaminant is currently threatening the persistence of critical ecosystems for conservation in the Mediterranean, such as Posidonia oceanica meadows, but it is essential for promoting sustainable coastal tourism. Our investigation aimed to determine the effects of BP-3 on P.

Sunscreen exposure interferes with physiological processes while inducing oxidative stress in seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile.

The effects of a commercial sunscreen mixture on the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica were investigated, evaluating its response in physiological processes and biochemical indicators of oxidative stress. Short-term laboratory experiments were conducted recreating summer conditions, and two sunscreen concentrations were tested in whole P. oceanica plants placed inside aquaria.