Biomimetic and protective effects of bioactive toothpastes on eroded enamel surfaces.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of bioactive toothpastes in remineralizing eroded enamel surfaces in vitro. Bovine enamel blocks (n = 48) were obtained and classified into untreated, demineralized, and treated areas. Specimens were randomly classified into six groups (n = 8 each): fluoride-free toothpaste (NCT), Colgate Total 12 (PCT), Sensodyne Repair and Protect (SRP), Sensodyne Pronamel (SPE), Regenerador + Sensitive (RGS), and RGS/calcium booster (RCB).

The contamination effect on recognition memory: adding evidence of an adaptive mnemonic tuning.

Previous research has revealed enhanced free recall for neutral items previously associated with disease-causing agents, compared to when they are associated with neutral information; this has been termed the contamination effect. However, it remains unknown whether this effect extends to recognition memory and, if so, on what processes it would rely (i.e.

Biopreservation strategies using bacteriocins to control meat spoilage and foodborne outbreaks.

Fresh meat is highly perishable, presenting challenges in spoilage mitigation and waste reduction globally. Despite the efforts, foodborne outbreaks from meat consumption persist. Biopreservation offers a natural solution to extend shelf life by managing microbial communities.

Ionization Characteristics of Glycan Homologues in Various Modes of Electrospray.

Fluorescence labeled glycan homologous mixtures were quantified using fluorescence and then used to evaluate ionization performances in electrospray ionization at micro, nano, and femto flow modes. nanoESI produced higher (2+ and 3+) charged ions adducted with sodium and calcium. In comparison, femtoESI was found to favor the generation of [M + H] ions against metal adducts, even with nonvolatile salts up to 1 mM for NaCl and 100 μM for CaCl.