Tungsten contamination, behavior and remediation in complex environmental settings.

Tungsten (W) is a rare element and present in the earth's crust mainly as iron, aluminium, and calcium minerals including wolframite and scheelite. This review aims to offer an overview on the current knowledge on W pollution in complex environmental settlings, including terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, linking to its natural and anthropogenic sources, behavior in soil and water, environmental and human health hazards, and remediation strategies. Tungsten is used in many alloys mainly as wafers, which have wide industrial applications, such as incandescent light bulb filaments, X-ray tubes, arc welding electrodes, radiation shielding, and industrial catalysts.

Enhancing the stability of soil contaminated with fluoride through the utilization of pristine and aluminium-impregnated biochar: a comprehensive mechanistic approach.

The effect of trivalent metal-modified biochar on the stability and mitigation of fluoride ions (F) in contaminated soils remains largely unexplored, despite biochar's extensive application in F-contaminated soil. The mineral metal-modified biochar has the potential to serve as an efficient solution for soil contaminated with F. In this study, pristine-pinecone biochar (P-BC) and AlCl-modified pinecone biochar (A-BC) were synthesized and then utilized to remediate the soil that had been contaminated with F.