Publications by authors named "N Ratner"
Purpose: Most common treatments for stuttering offer advice that parents modify temporal features of conversational interaction to assist children who stutter (CWS). Advice includes but is not limited to slowing of adult speech, increasing turn-taking/response-time latencies (RTLs), and reducing interruptions. We looked specifically at RTL and parental speech rate in a longitudinal data set that included baseline behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are benign nerve tumors driven by loss of the tumor suppressor in Schwann cells. PNFs are rich in immune cells, but whether immune cells are necessary for tumorigenesis is unknown. We show that inhibition of stimulator of interferon gene (STING) reduces plasma CXCL10, tumor T cell and dendritic cell (DC) recruitment, and tumor formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe blood-nerve-barrier (BNB) that regulates peripheral nerve homeostasis is formed by endoneurial capillaries and perineurial cells surrounding the Schwann cell (SC)-rich endoneurium. Barrier dysfunction is common in human tumorigenesis, including in some nerve tumors. We identify barrier disruption in human deficient neurofibromas, which were characterized by reduced perineurial cell glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression and increased endoneurial fibrin(ogen) deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are tough to treat because they often come back after surgery and don't respond well to regular chemotherapy.
- A new treatment called oncolytic viroimmunotherapy, which uses viruses to help fight tumors, shows promise but doesn’t work for everyone, so more research is needed to improve it.
- In experiments, using specific drugs along with the oncolytic virus helped some mice live longer by boosting their immune response against the tumors, leading to less suppressive cells in the tumor area, though the tumors didn’t shrink.