Publications by authors named "N R Lemoine"
This study explores the application of machine learning techniques for detecting and tracking plasma filaments around the boundary of magnetically confined tokamak plasmas. Plasma filaments, also called blobs, are responsible for enhanced turbulent transport across magnetic field lines, and their accurate characterization is crucial for optimizing the performance of magnetic fusion devices. We present a novel approach that combines machine learning methods applied to data obtained from ultra-fast cameras, including YOLO (You Only Look Once) for object detection, semantic segmentation, and specific tracking methods.
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- Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) shows high variability and its complex molecular and immune landscape complicates personalized treatment development.
- Through genomic and AI-driven analysis of 120 Chinese ESCC cases, researchers identified four subtypes—differentiated, metabolic, immunogenic, and stemness—each with distinct features.
- The stemness subtype has the worst prognosis and shows immune evasion traits, with high levels of intratumoural diversity, while specific markers like XCL1 influence both immune response and chemotherapy effectiveness.
Rise in plasma bile acids following hypoabsorptive bariatric surgeries predicts beneficial metabolic and homeostatic outcomes in male rats.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates how three types of bariatric surgeries—Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, and single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass—affect bile acid levels in male Wistar rats on different diets.
- Results show that these surgeries increase plasma levels of secondary bile acids, which are associated with reduced body weight and fat gain and improved glucose metabolism.
- Additionally, the findings highlight connections between bile acids and beneficial gut bacteria as well as short-chain fatty acids, suggesting these surgeries contribute to better metabolic health through these biochemical changes.
Magnetically confined fusion plasmas are subject to various instabilities that cause turbulent transport of particles and heat across the magnetic field. In the edge plasma region, this transport takes the form of long filaments stretched along the magnetic field lines. Understanding the dynamics of these filaments, referred to as blobs, is crucial for predicting and controlling their impact on reactor performance.
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