Neighborhood walkability, physical activity and changes in glycemic markers in people with type 2 diabetes: The Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort.

Studies investigating neighborhood walkability and physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) mainly used self-report measures, and only few studies assessed the association with glycemic control. This study assessed the associations between objectively measured (i.e.

Exploring the cross-sectional association between outdoor recreational facilities and leisure-time physical activity: the role of usage and residential self-selection.

Background: The availability of outdoor recreational facilities is associated with increased leisure-time physical activity (PA). We investigated how much of this association is attributable to selection effects, and explored whether usage of recreational facilities was an explanatory mechanism.

Methods: We analysed data from 5199 participants in the SPOTLIGHT survey residing in five European urban regions.