IP-10 differentiates between active and latent tuberculosis irrespective of HIV status and declines during therapy.

Objectives: Biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy efficacy in tuberculosis (TB) are requested. We have studied biomarkers that may differentiate between active and latent TB infection (LTBI), the influence of HIV infection and changes during anti-TB chemotherapy.

Methods: Thirty-eight plasma cytokines, assessed by multiplex and enzyme immunoassays, were analyzed in patients with active TB before and during 24 weeks of anti-TB chemotherapy (n = 65), from individuals with LTBI (n = 34) and from QuantiFERON-TB (QFT) negative controls (n = 65).

HIV patients with latent tuberculosis living in a low-endemic country do not develop active disease during a 2 year follow-up; a Norwegian prospective multicenter study.

Background: Interferon-γ release assays (IGRA) serve as immunodiagnostics of tuberculosis (TB) infection to identify individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) eligible for preventive anti-TB therapy. In this longitudinal study of HIV-infected LTBI patients we have observed for possible progression to active TB as well as evaluated repeated IGRA testing in a TB low-endemic setting.

Methods: QuantiFERON TB-Gold In-tube® assay (QFT), TB-SPOT.

Low prevalence of positive interferon-gamma tests in HIV-positive long-term immigrants in Norway.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of positive interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) and tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients in Norway, a low tuberculosis (TB) endemic country.

Design: Multicentre cross-sectional study of 298 HIV patients tested with QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT), T-SPOT®.TB (T-SPOT) and TST.