OptimAAPP, a smartphone insulin dose calculator for carbohydrate, fat, and protein: A cross-over, randomised controlled trial in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes using multiple daily injection therapy.

Aims: To (1) evaluate the efficacy of OptimAAPP, a smartphone insulin dose calculator for carbohydrate, fat, and protein in managing glycaemia compared with carbohydrate counting in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes using flexible multiple daily injection therapy (MDI, ≥4 injections/day) and (2) assess user acceptability of OptimAAPP.

Methods: In this free-living trial, participants aged 12-50 years were randomised to use carbohydrate counting or OptimAAPP for meal insulin dose calculation for 3 months, then use the alternate method for 3 months. The primary outcome, time-in-range (3.

A Comparative Study of Choledochoduodenostomy Versus Open Choledochotomy With T Tube Placement in a Hospital Lacking Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography.

Background: Choledocholithiasis, or stones in the common bile duct (CBD), has two types: primary stones that form in the CBD and secondary stones that migrate from the gallbladder. Management includes endoscopic, laparoscopic, and open surgical methods. In India, the availability of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopic surgery is limited often necessitating open procedures.

Leptin levels are associated with coronary artery calcification in patients with advanced prostate cancer.

Background: Convergent data suggest that advanced prostate cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD) share biological vulnerabilities that may be linked to adiposity. Here we explore whether leptin, as a marker and mediator of adiposity, could link prostate cancer to CHD.

Methods: Patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) enrolled in a phase II trial (NCT02703623) studying androgen deprivation therapy, abiraterone, prednisone, and apalutamide were eligible if they had plasma and a chest CT scan available.

Cytomorphological Spectrum of Hepatic Lesions on Ultrasonography (USG) or CT-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in a Tertiary Care Centre, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

Background Ultrasonography (USG)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the liver is a primary diagnostic procedure for primary and metastatic hepatic lesions. Despite histopathology being the gold standard, the outcomes of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology are encouraging. Aims and objective The purpose of the study is to determine the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography (USG) or computerized tomography (CT)-guided FNAC in the detection of liver lesions, to investigate cytomorphological patterns of liver lesions identified by guided FNAC, and, wherever feasible, to correlate FNAC diagnosis with histopathology and imaging modalities.

Ataxin-2 polyglutamine expansions aberrantly sequester TDP-43 ribonucleoprotein condensates disrupting mRNA transport and local translation in neurons.

Altered RNA metabolism and misregulation of transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43), an essential RNA-binding protein (RBP), define amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Intermediate-length polyglutamine (polyQ) expansions of Ataxin-2, a like-Sm (LSm) RBP, are associated with increased risk for ALS, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we studied the spatiotemporal dynamics and mRNA regulatory functions of TDP-43 and Ataxin-2 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) condensates in rodent (rat) primary cortical neurons and mouse motor neuron axons in vivo.