Incidence of inguinofemoral lymph node metastases at the first local recurrence of vulvar cancer: a Dutch nationwide study.

Background: Up to 40% of vulvar cancer patients present with local recurrence within 10 years of follow-up. An inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (IFL) is indicated if not performed at primary treatment. The incidence and risk factors for lymph node metastases (LNM) at first local recurrence, however, are unclear.

Low incidence of pulmonary metastases in vulvar cancer patients: limited value of routine chest imaging based on a cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of pulmonary metastases in the preoperative work-up of patients with primary vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary referral centre.

Radiotherapy is not indicated in patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma and only one occult intracapsular groin node metastasis.

Objective: Most guidelines advise no adjuvant radiotherapy in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma and a single occult intracapsular lymph node metastasis. However, several recent studies have questioned the validity of this recommendation. The aim of this study was to analyze the groin recurrence rate in patients with a single intracapsular positive lymph node treated without adjuvant radiotherapy.

Surgical margins in squamous cell carcinoma, different for the vulva?

Introduction: The recommended pathological resection margin (8 mm) for vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is broader than for SCC located elsewhere, and does not depend on tumor grade or lesion size. Our aim is to evaluate the resection margin in vulvar SCC in relation to local recurrence, and to determine the impact of other prognostic factors.

Materials And Methods: Data of all surgically treated patients at the Gynecological Oncology Center South with vulvar SCC, FIGO IB-IIIC, between 2005 and 2015 were analysed retrospectively.

[A toddler with a vaginal mass and blood loss; the rhabdomyosarcoma].

Background: The differential diagnosis of vaginal blood loss in childhood is broad, and includes irritation of the mucous membranes, trauma, tumours, foreign bodies and sexual abuse. Physical and additional examination is often initially difficult; however, prompt detection of a rhabdomyosarcoma, a soft-tissue tumour principally diagnosed in childhood, is vitally important.

Case Description: A 3-year-old girl with a history of vaginal blood loss and an introital mass was referred to the gynaecologist.