Decreased nitric oxide production is a novel therapeutic target for salt-induced nocturnal polyuria in aging.

Nocturnal polyuria is a major cause of nocturia, which affects quality of life. Aging-related decreases in nitric oxide production have been reported to contribute to salt-induced nocturnal polyuria. We posited that enhanced nitric oxide production from exercise could mitigate salt-induced nocturnal polyuria.

A novel Sai-based antioxidant agent attenuates antibody-mediated rejection in allogeneic rat kidney transplantation.

Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) remains a leading cause of graft loss during kidney transplantation. Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) has been reported to promote T-cell proliferation, leading to B-cell activation and subsequent production of donor-specific antibodies (DSA), which target antigens on the vascular endothelium. We hypothesize that a novel therapeutic strategy targeting highly toxic reactive oxygen species could mitigate oxidative stress and immune responses associated with IRI.

Avelumab + axitinib treatment in older patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma in Japan: Subgroup analyses of post-marketing surveillance data by age.

Introduction: Avelumab + axitinib was approved in Japan in December 2019 for the treatment of curatively unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) based on results from the JAVELIN Renal 101 trial.

Materials And Methods: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of avelumab + axitinib in older patients in general clinical practice in Japan, an ad hoc analysis of data from post-marketing surveillance (PMS) by age group was conducted.

Results: The analysis population included 328 patients who had received ≥1 dose of avelumab and were enrolled between December 2019 and May 2021.

Final Analysis of Post-Marketing Surveillance for Avelumab + Axitinib in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma in Japan.

Introduction: Avelumab, an anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody, was approved in combination with axitinib for curatively unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in Japan in December 2019. Because the pivotal JAVELIN Renal 101 study included a limited number of Japanese patients, post-marketing surveillance (PMS) was required to evaluate outcomes (safety and effectiveness) in patients with RCC who received avelumab + axitinib treatment in clinical practice in Japan.

Materials And Methods: We report data from prospective, noncomparative, multicenter, observational PMS in patients with RCC who received ≥ 1 dose of avelumab.

Intratesticular creatine maintains spermatogenesis by defining tight junctions.

One in five couples who wish to conceive is infertile, and half of these couples have male infertility. However, the causes of male infertility are still largely unknown. Creatine is stored in the body as an energy buffer, and the testes are its second-largest reservoir after muscles.