Molecular profiling of frontal and occipital subcortical white matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease.

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are commonly detected on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, occurring in both typical aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite their frequent appearance and their association with cognitive decline in AD, the molecular factors contributing to WMHs remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic profiles of two commonly affected brain regions with coincident AD pathology-frontal subcortical white matter (frontal-WM) and occipital subcortical white matter (occipital-WM)-and compared with age-matched cognitively intact controls.

Laser induced oxidation Raman spectroscopy as an analysis tool for iridium-based oxygen evolution catalysts.

The study of degradation behavior of electrocatalysts in an industrial context calls for rapid and efficient analysis methods. Optical methods like Raman spectroscopy fulfil these requirements and are thus predestined for this purpose. However, the iridium utilized in proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEMEL) is Raman inactive in its metallic state.

The SWIB domain-containing DNA topoisomerase I of mediates DNA relaxation.

The obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen, (Ct), has a distinct DNA topoisomerase I (TopA) with a C-terminal domain (CTD) homologous to eukaryotic SWIB domains. Despite the lack of sequence similarity at the CTDs between TopA (CtTopA) and TopA (EcTopA), full-length CtTopA removed negative DNA supercoils and complemented the growth defect of an mutant. We demonstrated that CtTopA is less processive in DNA relaxation than EcTopA in dose-response and time course studies.

Cytosolic bacterial pathogens activate TLR pathways in tumors that synergistically enhance STING agonist cancer therapies.

Intracellular bacterial pathogens are distinctive tools for fighting cancer, as they can proliferate in tumors and deliver therapeutic payloads to the eukaryotic cytosol. Cytosol-dwelling bacteria have undergone extensive preclinical and clinical testing, yet the mechanisms of activating innate immunity in tumors are unclear. We report that phylogenetically distinct cytosolic pathogens, including , , and species, elicited anti-tumor responses in poorly immunogenic melanoma and lymphoma in mice.

Simultaneous determination of cytosolic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities by LC-MS/MS.

In recent years, pathogenic variants in ARS genes, encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), have been associated with human disease. Patients harbouring pathogenic variants in ARS genes have clinical signs partly unique to certain aaRSs defects, partly overlapping between the different aaRSs defects. Diagnosis relies mostly on genetics and remains challenging, often requiring functional validation of new ARS variants.