Increase of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and a plea for restrictive treatment: A retrospective study of 1,391 prospective documented patients.

Background: The incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PMCs) has increased sharply and therefore the lack of consensus for treatment has become a clinical dilemma. Our aim was to evaluate a less-radical approach.

Methods: This study includes 1,391 patients with PMC treated at a single surgical referral center in the endemic goiter area in Austria.

KRAS, EGFR, PDGFR-α, KIT and COX-2 status in carcinoma showing thymus-like elements (CASTLE).

Background: CASTLE (Carcinoma showing thymus-like elements) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the thyroid resembling lymphoepithelioma-like and squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus with different biological behaviour and a better prognosis than anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated 6 cases of this very rare neoplasm in order to investigate the mutational status of KRAS, EGFR, PDGFR-α and KIT, as well as the immunohistochemical expression pattern of CD117, EGFR and COX-2, and possibly find new therapeutic targets.

Results: Diagnosis was confirmed by a moderate to strong expression of CD5, CD117 and CK5/6, whereas thyroglobulin, calcitonin and TTF-1 were negative in all cases.

A prospective study on surgical-site infections in thyroid operation.

Background: To evaluate the incidence and the microbe spectrum of surgical-site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing elective thyroid operation and to develop a risk factor-based predictive model.

Methods: This prospective study included 6,778 consecutive patients who underwent thyroid operation at a single institution between 2007 and 2012. SSI was defined according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in papillary thyroid carcinoma is associated with desmoplastic stromal reaction and lymph node metastasis.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer, and it early metastasizes into regional lymph nodes. We evaluated immunohistochemically the expression of the hypoxia marker hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) as well as extracellular matrix protein tenascin C as a marker of stroma remodelling in a cohort of 160 PTCs. Expression of HIF-1α was seen focally accentuated in 100 of the 160 tumours (62.

Early granulomatous foreign body reactions to a novel alginate dermal filler: the system's failure?

Background: Cutaneous granulomas after a soft filler injection represent one of the worst scenarios for both patient and injector.

Objectives: To present clinical and histopathological features of granulomatous nodular reactions induced by a new alginate-based dermal filler (Novabel(®)), and put it in context of the process of injectable soft tissue fillers approval and promotion in the EU.

Methods: A case series of four patients injected with Novabel(®) for volume restoration of the face and hands, who developed severe foreign body reactions.