[Responses of bulbo-spinal neurons during the expiration reflex in cats].

Activity of 129 bulbo-spinal neurons was studied during the expiration reflex elicited by mechanical stimulation of the vocal cords or by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve in cats under nembutal anesthesia. It was found that besides expiratory and inspiratory neurons a great number of nonrespiratory bulbo-spinal units were activated. They were localized mainly within gigantocellular tegmental fields.

[Vestibular efferent neurons of the guinea pig forming projections into the saccule].

The distribution of vestibular efferent neurons projecting to the saccule and efferent neurons transmitting axons to the acoustic nerve (cochlear efferent neurons) has been studied in guinea pig by comparison using the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. The saccular efferent neurons are revealed bilaterally in the subendymal granular fundus of the fourth ventricle of the brain and more laterally of the facial nerve genu, ipsilaterally in the small-celled reticular nucleus as well as in nuclei of the supraolivary complex: nucleus of lateral oliva and lateral nucleus of the trapezoid body. The cochlear efferent neurons are localized ipsilaterally in the reticular caudal nucleus of the bridge in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus and in nuclei of lateral and medial olivae.

[A study of the otolithic membranes of the saccule and utricle of the guinea pig].

By scanning electron microscopy the otolith membranes of the sacculus and utriculus of adult guinea-pigs were examined. The spatial arrangement of otoconia was found to differ from the standard scheme. New forms of imperfect otoconia were detected.

[Possibilities of laser-endoscopic spectrum analysis in laryngology].

This paper discusses the potential application of a laser-endoscopic spectral analyzer in fibrolaryngoscopy for early detection of neoplasms (luminescence combined with spectrophotometry) as well as for examination of the laryngeal mucosa by measuring oxygenation and blood flow in microcirculation with the aid of spectrophotometry. The results of examinations of 35 patients have shown that the laser-endoscopic spectral analyzer can be used to perform premorphological rapid tests in cancer diagnosis and to assess the efficacy of therapeutic methods.

[Influence of the efferent vestibular system on the vestibulo-spinal reflexes in the guinea pig].

Influence of the efferent vestibular system on the vestibulo-spinal activity was investigated in the decerebrated, decerebellated guinea pigs. The efferent vestibular system was excited by electrical stimulation of the domain of efferent neurons in the medulla. Electromyographic activity of left and right triceps brachii was used as a test reaction.