[Diagnosis of micrometastases of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma].

Alveolar rhabgomyosarcoma is a highly malignant, small blue cell pediatric soft tissue tumor. Identification of micrometastases in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is important because the poor prognosis associated with this subgroup necessitates a modified therapeutic regimen. Since the obtained lymph node specimen can be very small; rhabdomyosarcoma cells are not easily detected using conventional histological methods.

Epidemiological, clinical and viral determinants of the increased prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in elderly women.

Background: Population-based studies have reported a second peak of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence among women > 55 years, but reasons for this U-shaped HPV prevalence curve are poorly understood.

Objectives: To analyse determinants of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections among postmenopausal women.

Study Design And Methods: A cohort of 3,187 women was stratified into three age categories: i) youngest age group < 25 years (n = 1.

Age at menarche is not an independent risk factor for high-risk human papillomavirus infections and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Data are controversial as to the role of menarche age as a risk factor of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infections. The objective of this study was to analyse the risk estimates for age at menarche as determinant of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and HR-HPV infections. A cohort of 3187 women were stratified into three groups according to their age at menarche: (i) women <13 years of age; (ii) those between 13 and 14 years and (iii) women >15 years of age.

Smoking is an independent risk factor for oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections but not for high-grade CIN.

Background: Recent evidence implicates smoking as a risk factor for cervical cancer (CC), but the confounding from high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is not clear.

Objectives: To analyse the role of smoking as an independent predictor of CIN2+ and HR-HPV infections in a population-based prospective (NIS, New Independent States of former Soviet Union) cohort study.

Study Design And Methods: A cohort of 3,187 women was stratified into three groups according to their smoking status: (i) women who never smoked; (ii) those smoking in the past; and (iii) women who are current smokers.

Immunophenotypic profile of biomarkers related to anti-apoptotic and neural development pathways in the Ewing's family of tumors (EFT) and their therapeutic implications.

Background: Ewing's family of tumors (EFT) comprises a broad spectrum of tumors composed of primitive committed cells with neuroectodermal capacity. The degree of neural differentiation within EFT, as measured with morphological features and expression of neural markers, delimits two members: Ewing's sarcoma (ES) and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET). Molecules such as c-kit and its ligand (Stem cell factor, SCF), CD95 (FAS), CD95L (FASL), IGF-IR, protect EFT cells from apoptosis, whereas c-erb-B2, erythropoietin (EPO) and its receptor (EPO-R) participate in the maturation of primitive committed neuroectodermal cells and in the normal embryonal brain development.