Light induces a rapid increase in cAMP and activates PKA in rod outer segments of the frog retina.

The phototransduction cascade enables the photoreceptor to detect light over a wide range of intensities without saturation. The main second messenger of the cascade is cGMP and the primary regulatory mechanism is calcium feedback. However, some experimental data suggest that cAMP may also play a role in regulating the phototransduction cascade, but this would require changes in cAMP on a time scale of seconds.

Multiple Roles of cAMP in Vertebrate Retina.

cAMP is a key regulatory molecule that controls many important processes in the retina, including phototransduction, cell development and death, growth of neural processes, intercellular contacts, retinomotor effects, and so forth. The total content of cAMP changes in the retina in a circadian manner following the natural light cycle, but it also shows local and even divergent changes in faster time scales in response to local and transient changes in the light environment. Changes in cAMP might also manifest or cause various pathological processes in virtually all cellular components of the retina.

[On the optimization of diagnostic of functional conditions of students of sportizated comprehensive secondary school].

In the modern school education an increase of pedagogic innovations is noted. One of these innovations is the sportization of physical culture education of students of comprehensive secondary schools. Thereupon, a need occurs to implement an individual approach to selection of physical loads for children of school age considering gender aspect.

[The isolation and results of the study of the protein structure of spirochetes isolated from I. ricinus ticks in Byelarus].

Four hundred and eighty Ixodes ricinus (278 female and 202 male) samples collected in the natural biotopes of 13 administrative districts in southwest Byelarus were studied via DSK-H medium (Sigma) inoculation. Twenty-four spirochetes isolates (3, 2, 1, and 18 in the Brest, Gomel, Mogilev, and Grodno regions, respectively) were obtained on the territory of Byelarus. After adapted to the medium, most isolates (as many as 7 x 10(6)-5 x 10(7) microbial cells per ml) in the stationary phase.

[The correlation of the psychological and hormonal status in obese patients].

A study was made of psychological personality traits and their relationship with hormonal-lipid interrelations in patients with different types of obesity. The MMPI methods, modified by F. B.