Comparative kinetics of humans and non-human primates during vertical climbing.

Climbing represents a critical behavior in the context of primate evolution. However, anatomically modern human populations are considered ill-suited for climbing. This adaptation can be attributed to the evolution of striding bipedalism, redirecting anatomical traits away from efficient climbing.

How Pendular Is Human Brachiation? When Form Does Not Follow Function.

Brachiation is a form of suspensory locomotion observed only in Primates. The non-human hominoids (e.g.

Malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): the meaning of a positive CSF cytology.

We reviewed the correlation between malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (positive cytology) and pathologic findings at autopsy. The purpose was to discover: (1) the incidence of negative CSF cytology in patients with CNS malignancy, (2) the incidence of false-positive cytology, and (3) the relationship between a true-positive cytology and the distribution of malignant tumor at autopsy. Of 117 patients with CNS tumor and premortem cytologic examination of the CSF, 31 (26 percent) were positive and 86 (74 percent) were negative.

Sterilization of cerebral metastases by radiation therapy.

It is generally acknowledged that radiation therapy (RT) provides effective palliative treatment for the majority of patients with brain metastases. It is less well known that RT can be "curative." In 10 years, we examined five patients with brain metastases treated with whole-brain radiotherapy and with no residual tumor in the brain at autopsy.

Human brain tumor transplantation into nude mice.

Seven human brain tumors were transplanted into the brains (6/7 takes) and subcutaneous tissues (7/7 takes) of athymic nude mice. Compared to experimental animal brain tumors, these tumors, taken directly from patients in the operating room and transplanted, grew more slowly in the mice; their growth rates following explant generally paralleled those in the patients. A rough correlation was seen between the degree of the tumor's malignancy and both successful take and rate of growth following explant.