Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a screening test in prostate cancer.

Objective: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) with digital rectal examination is used for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), where definite diagnosis can only be made by prostate biopsy. Recently neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a lipocalin family member glycoprotein, come into prominence as a cancer biomarker. This study is aimed to test serum NGAL as a diagnostic biomarker for PCa and discriminate PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Diagnostic value of microRNAs in prostate cancer patients with prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels between 2, and 10 ng/mL.

Objective: Prostate specific antigen (PSA), used for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), is one of the best tumour markers known so far. However, in situations when PSA is between 2-10 ng/mL, which is named as grey zone, PSA falls short of distinguishing benign prostate diseases from PCa. On the other hand, it was demonstrated in many previous studies that microRNA (miRNA) could be a marker for cancer.

Erythropoietin may attenuate lung inflammation in a rat model of meconium aspiration syndrome.

Background: Inflammation is believed to play a key role in the pathophysiology of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).

Purpose Of The Study: The objective was to determine whether the recombinant human Erythropoietin (rhEPO) pretreatment could attenuate meconium-induced inflammation.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 24 ventilated adult male rats were studied to examine the effects of recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) on meconium-induced inflammation.

The impact of hypoxemia on serum total and free prostate-specific antigen levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most important biochemical marker in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with prostate cancer. In recent years, a relationship between PSA levels and hypoxic conditions has been described. However, no study has investigated the PSA levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Lack of nephrotoxicity of gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced non-vascular MRI and MRI without contrast agent in patients at high-risk for acute kidney injury.

Background: Gadolinium chelates (GCs) have been traditionally considered as non-nephrotoxic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast materials. However, it has been suggested in some recent articles that GCs may have a nephrotoxic potential, but most of these reports are retrospective. However, the evaluated contrast agents, their doses, and the tests used to determine the kidney function were not consistent across studies.