Comparison of intravenous paracetamol infusion versus intramuscular tramadol as labor analgesia: a randomized control trial.

Purpose: Labor pain is one of the most agonizing pains experienced by all delivered women. Many pharmacological agents used in labor analgesia require intense monitoring facilities, which are not available in routine obstetric practice in low-resource settings. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) paracetamol and intramuscular (IM) tramadol on labor pain relief, labor progression, and maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Molecular structure, vibrational analysis (FT-IR, FT-Raman), NMR, UV, NBO and HOMO-LUMO analysis of N,N-Diphenyl Formamide based on DFT calculations.

In this work, the vibrational spectral analysis is carried out by using Raman and infrared spectroscopy in the range 4000-400 cm(-1) and 4000-50 cm(-1) respectively for N,N-Diphenyl Formamide (DPF) molecule. The optimized molecular structures, vibrational frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectra of the title molecule are evaluated using density functional theory (DFT) with standard B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set. The harmonic vibrational frequencies are calculated and the scaled values have been compared with experimental FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra.

Impact of medication and psychological behaviour assessment by community pharmacists in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after hospital stay.

Background: Drug related problem (DRPs) is a key factor which will affect the outcome of therapy and safety.

Objective: To assess the DRPs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and psychological aspects of patients by community pharmacists to observe the rate of DRP.

Methods: Prospective randomized controlled intervention study involved T2DM patients and conducted in two community pharmacies at Kanpur from January 2012 to December 2012.

Antagonistic properties of seagrass associated Streptomyces sp. RAUACT-1: a source for anthraquinone rich compound.

Objective: To identify the antibacterial potential of seagrass (Syringodium isoetifolium) associate microbes against bacterial pathogens.

Methods: Eumeration of microbial associates were analyzed with leaf and root samples of Syringodium isoetifolium. MIC and MBC were calculated for bacterial pathogens with microbial associates.